Nokea
Peak expiratory flow rate:
- A. Is a sensitive parameter to assess improvement to therapy in acute bronchial asthma
- B. Measures small airway resistance
- C. Is more related to height rather than age
- D. Less than 50% of normal is an indication for aminophylline therapy in acute asthma
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peak expiratory flow rate is a useful tool to monitor response to asthma therapy, particularly in acute exacerbations.
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Which of the following is correct in breast milk jaundice?
- A. Peaks at first week of life
- B. Recurs with resumption of breast milk after trial stoppage
- C. Kernicterus can occur
- D. Seen in up to 10% of infants
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Breast milk jaundice recurs when breastfeeding is resumed after a temporary stoppage.
Liver failure in children:
- A. Is always chronic in nature
- B. Wilson's disease is a common cause
- C. Leads to failure to thrive
- D. One of the causes is Reye syndrome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reye syndrome is a known cause of acute liver failure in children, often associated with viral infections and aspirin use.
What is the most likely congenital heart lesion in a newborn with Trisomy 21?
- A. AVSD
- B. Tetralogy of Fallot
- C. Ventricular septal defect
- D. Pulmonary stenosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) is highly associated with Trisomy 21 and is the most likely congenital heart lesion in these infants.
An adolescent who sustained a tibia fracture in a motor vehicle accident has a cast. What should the nurse do to help relieve the itching?
- A. Apply cool air under the cast with a blow-dryer
- B. Use sterile applicators to scratch the itch
- C. Apply cool water under the cast
- D. Apply hydrocortisone cream under the cast using sterile applicator
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cool air helps relieve itching without damaging the cast or introducing moisture, which can lead to skin breakdown.
All of the following are true regarding intussusception in children, except
- A. It is more common in boys than girls
- B. Adeno virus C has been implicated
- C. Urgent barium meal follow-through is the investigation of choice
- D. Postoperative intussusception is commonly ileoileal
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Urgent barium meal follow-through is not the investigation of choice for intussusception; ultrasound is preferred for diagnosis.