Nokea
Perfusion refers to blood supply to the lungs, through which the lungs receive nutrients and oxygen. What are the two methods of perfusion?
- A. The two methods of perfusion are the bronchial and alveolar circulation.
- B. The two methods of perfusion are the bronchial and capillary circulation.
- C. The two methods of perfusion are the bronchial and pulmonary circulation.
- D. The two methods of perfusion are the alveolar and pulmonary circulation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The two methods of perfusion are the bronchial and pulmonary circulation. There is no alveolar circulation. Capillaries are the vessels that perform the perfusion regardless of which area of the lung they are in.
You may also like to solve these questions
What is the difference between respiration and ventilation?
- A. Ventilation is the process of gas exchange.
- B. Ventilation is the movement of air in and out of the respiratory tract.
- C. Ventilation is the process of getting oxygen to the cells.
- D. Ventilation is the exchange of gases in the lung.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ventilation is the actual movement of air in and out of the respiratory tract. Respiration is the exchange of oxygen and CO2 between atmospheric air and the blood and between the blood and the cells.
The nurse is studying for a physiology test over the respiratory system. What should the nurse know about central chemoreceptors in the medulla?
- A. They respond to changes in CO2 levels and hydrogen ion concentrations (pH) in the cerebrospinal fluid.
- B. They respond to changes in the O2 levels in the brain.
- C. They respond to changes in CO2 levels in the brain.
- D. They respond to changes in O2 levels and bicarbonate levels in the cerebrospinal fluid.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Central chemoreceptors in the medulla respond to changes in CO2 levels and hydrogen ion concentrations (pH) in the cerebrospinal fluid. Central chemoreceptors do not respond to changes in the O2 levels in the brain, changes in CO2 levels in the brain, changes in O2 levels, and bicarbonate levels in the cerebrospinal fluid.
A nurse is instructing the client on the normal sensations that can occur when contrast medium is infused during pulmonary angiography. Which client statement demonstrates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will feel a dull pain when the catheter is introduced.'
- B. I will feel light-headed when the contrast medium is introduced.'
- C. I will feel waves of nausea throughout the procedure.'
- D. I will feel warm and may have chest pain'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: During a pulmonary angiography, a contrast medium is injected into the femoral circulation. When the medium is infused, the client will feel warm and flushed, with a possibility of chest pain. The client will feel pressure when the catheter is inserted. The client does not typically feel light-headed or nauseated during this procedure.
The client is returning from the operating room following a bronchoscopy. Which action, performed by the nursing assistant, would the nurse stop if began prior to nursing assessment?
- A. The nursing assistant is assisting the client to a semi-Fowler's position.
- B. The nursing assistant is assisting the client to the side of the bed to use a urinal.
- C. The nursing assistant is pouring a glass of water to wet the client's mouth.
- D. The nursing assistant is asking a question requiring a verbal response.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When completing a procedure which sends a scope down the throat, the gag reflex is anesthetized to reduce discomfort. Upon returning to the nursing unit, the gag reflex must be assessed before providing any food or fluids to the client. The client may need assistance following the procedure for activity and ambulation but this is not restricted in the post-procedure period.
The nurse is caring for an adolescent client injured in a snowboarding accident. The client has a head injury, a fractured right rib, and various abrasions and contusions. The client has a blood pressure of 142/88 mm Hg, pulse of 102 beats/minute, and respirations of 26 breaths/minute. Which laboratory test best provides data on a potential impairment in ventilation?
- A. Blood gases
- B. Complete blood count
- C. Blood chemistry
- D. Serum alkaline phosphate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Blood gases report the partial pressure of oxygen, which is dissolved in the blood. Normal readings are 80 to 100 mm Hg. By documenting oxygen levels in the blood, the nurse recognizes the current ventilation. The complete blood count provides information regarding number of blood cells, which can relate to the disease processes such as anemia and infection. The blood chemistry provides information on liver/renal function and electrolytes within the system. Serum alkaline phosphate is a laboratory test used to help detect liver disease and bone disorders.