Nokea
Phenytoin is an antiarrhythmic and anticonvulsant that has an unlabeled use for:
- A. Headaches
- B. Cold remedy
- C. Neuropathic pain
- D. Antianxiety
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenytoin, an antiarrhythmic and anticonvulsant medication, is also used off-label for treating neuropathic pain. While its primary indications are for managing heart rhythm disorders and seizures, it has shown efficacy in managing neuropathic pain, expanding its clinical utility. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as phenytoin is not commonly used for headaches, cold remedies, or antianxiety purposes.
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A client has a new prescription for Folic Acid. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication with food.
- B. Expect a metallic taste in your mouth.
- C. Increase your intake of green, leafy vegetables.
- D. Avoid citrus fruits.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Increase your intake of green, leafy vegetables.' Folic acid is naturally found in green, leafy vegetables. By increasing the intake of these vegetables, the client can supplement their folic acid levels. This dietary adjustment supports the client in meeting the prescription requirements and enhances the overall health benefits of folic acid. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not directly relate to increasing folic acid intake as required by the prescription.
A client is starting a new prescription for levothyroxine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication at bedtime.
- B. Take the medication with food.
- C. Take the medication first thing in the morning on an empty stomach.
- D. Take the medication with a full glass of milk.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for taking levothyroxine is to take the medication first thing in the morning on an empty stomach. This timing is important for optimal absorption of the medication. Taking levothyroxine with food or at bedtime can interfere with its absorption. Milk and other foods, as well as certain medications, can reduce the effectiveness of levothyroxine by interfering with its absorption, so it should be taken separately from these items. Therefore, the correct choice is to take the medication first thing in the morning on an empty stomach.
What is a serious adverse reaction to penicillin?
- A. Liver Failure
- B. Anaphylaxis
- C. Respiratory Depression
- D. Edema
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can occur as a serious adverse reaction to penicillin. It is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Liver failure is not a typical adverse reaction to penicillin, respiratory depression is more commonly associated with opioid medications, and edema is not a common severe adverse reaction to penicillin.
A client is receiving warfarin therapy. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of warfarin?
- A. Nausea
- B. Epistaxis
- C. Diarrhea
- D. Dyspepsia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, can be an indication of excessive anticoagulation while on warfarin therapy. Warfarin is a blood thinner that helps prevent blood clots. Epistaxis can occur as a result of the blood-thinning effects of warfarin, leading to increased bleeding tendencies, including nosebleeds. Nausea, diarrhea, and dyspepsia are not typically associated with warfarin therapy; therefore, they are not the adverse effects the nurse should identify in a client receiving warfarin.
When educating a patient on taking levothyroxine, a drug used to balance thyroid activity, what should you include in their education?
- A. Don't disregard side effects and consult your healthcare professionals
- B. Take this at the same time every day
- C. Thyroid tests are necessary while taking this drug
- D. It is not recommended to take this drug if you have recently had a myocardial infarction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to take levothyroxine at the same time every day. Consistent timing helps maintain stable thyroid levels, ensuring the effectiveness of the medication. It is important to establish a routine to optimize its therapeutic benefits. Choice A is incorrect as patients should not ignore side effects but should consult healthcare professionals if they experience any. Choice C is incorrect because thyroid tests may still be necessary to monitor thyroid function while on levothyroxine. Choice D is incorrect as it is not advisable to take levothyroxine if the patient has recently had a myocardial infarction without consulting their healthcare provider.