Nokea
Philadelphia is home to some excellent walking tours where visitors can learn more about the culture and rich history of the city of brotherly love. What are the adjectives in the preceding sentence?
- A. Philadelphia, tours, visitors, culture, history, city, love
- B. Excellent, walking, rich, brotherly
- C. Is, can, learn
- D. To, about, of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The adjectives in the sentence are 'excellent,' 'walking,' 'rich,' and 'brotherly.' Adjectives are words that modify or describe nouns, and in this case, these words provide additional information about the walking tours and the history of Philadelphia. Choices A, C, and D do not contain adjectives. Choice A consists of nouns, Choice C includes verbs, and Choice D contains prepositions, none of which are adjectives as they do not describe or modify nouns.
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Which of the following sentences uses second person point of view?
- A. I don't want to make plans for the weekend before I see my work schedule.
- B. She had to miss the last three yoga classes due to illness.
- C. Pluto is no longer considered a planet because it is not gravitationally dominant.
- D. Be sure to turn off all of the lights before locking up for the night.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. This sentence uses the second person point of view by directly addressing the reader or listener with the phrase 'Be sure to.' It is instructing or advising someone on what action to take, making it a clear example of second person point of view. Choices A, B, and C all use first person (I) or third person (she, Pluto), which do not involve direct interaction with the reader or listener, unlike the second person point of view present in choice D.
Which of these examples is a compound sentence?
- A. Alex and Shane spent the morning coloring and later took a walk down to the park.
- B. After coloring all morning, Alex and Shane spent the afternoon at the park.
- C. Alex and Shane spent the morning coloring, and then they took a walk down to the park.
- D. After coloring all morning and spending part of the day at the park, Alex and Shane took a nap.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Option C is a compound sentence because it consists of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction ('and then'). The first independent clause is 'Alex and Shane spent the morning coloring,' and the second independent clause is 'they took a walk down to the park.' Choices A, B, and D are not compound sentences. In choice A, although there are two actions mentioned, they are not independent clauses; they are part of a single sentence. Choice B is a complex sentence with a dependent clause ('After coloring all morning') and an independent clause. Choice D is a complex sentence with a compound predicate ('After coloring all morning and spending part of the day at the park') followed by an independent clause.
A teacher wants to counsel a student about using the word ain't in a research paper for a high school English class. What advice should the teacher give?
- A. Ain't is not in the dictionary, so it isn't a word.
- B. Because the student isn't in college yet, ain't is an appropriate expression for a high school writer.
- C. Ain't is incorrect English and should not be part of a serious student's vocabulary because it sounds uneducated.
- D. Ain't is a colloquial expression, and while it may be appropriate in a conversational setting, it is not standard in academic writing.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The teacher should advise the student that 'ain't' is a colloquial expression, and while it may be suitable in informal or conversational settings, it is not standard in academic writing. Using colloquialisms like 'ain't' in formal research papers can diminish the professionalism and clarity of the writing. Choice A is incorrect as the presence of a word in the dictionary does not solely determine its appropriateness in formal writing. Choice B is incorrect because the student's academic level does not justify the use of non-standard English. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on the perceived uneducated sound of 'ain't' rather than its appropriateness in formal writing, which is the key concern for the research paper in question.
What type of sentence is the following: 'If it rains tomorrow, the picnic will be canceled'?
- A. Simple
- B. Compound
- C. Complex
- D. Compound-complex
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The given sentence, 'If it rains tomorrow, the picnic will be canceled,' is a complex sentence. It consists of an independent clause 'the picnic will be canceled' and a dependent clause 'If it rains tomorrow.' A simple sentence contains just one independent clause, a compound sentence contains two or more independent clauses, and a compound-complex sentence contains two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect for this sentence.
It was not a compact city but was instead divided into separate districts. What is the meaning of the homograph 'compact' in the sentence above?
- A. A small case for holding makeup
- B. To compress
- C. Closely packed together
- D. Very tidy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this context, the term 'compact' refers to things being 'closely packed together.' The city was not compact in the sense of being closely packed together, but rather divided into separate districts. Choice A, 'A small case for holding makeup,' is not relevant to the context of the sentence. Choice B, 'To compress,' does not fit the sentence's context as it refers to the action of pressing things together. Choice D, 'Very tidy,' is also unrelated to the meaning of 'compact' in the sentence.