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Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory, information processing, and Vygotsky's sociocultural theory all stress __________.
- A. nature over nurture
- B. changes in thinking
- C. unconscious motives and drives
- D. the effects of punishment and reinforcement on behavior
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory, information processing, and Vygotskyƒ¢¢â€š¬¢â€ž¢s sociocultural theory all stress changes in thinking. These theories focus on how cognitive abilities develop over time, emphasizing the growth and transformation of thinking processes rather than static traits or characteristics.
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The clinical method __________.
- A. allows investigators to see directly the everyday behaviors they hope to explain
- B. must be conducted with large groups of people at the same time
- C. provides little information on how children and adults actually behave
- D. yields richly detailed case narratives that offer valuable insights
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The clinical method yields richly detailed case narratives that offer valuable insights. This method involves in-depth interviews, direct observation, and structured interactions to gather detailed information about an individual's behavior and development. It focuses on understanding the unique aspects of an individual's experience and can provide rich insights into behavior and development.
Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon __________.
- A. wrote the first book of its time on aging
- B. were among the first to make child development knowledge meaningful to parents
- C. regarded development as a maturational process
- D. constructed the first successful intelligence test
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Certified nurse-midwives __________.
- A. cannot legally deliver babies at home in most states
- B. have degrees in nursing and additional training in childbirth management
- C. can perform cesarean deliveries and administer medication to control pain
- D. are not medical professionals, but are trained in labor and delivery support
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Certified nurse-midwives have degrees in nursing and additional training in childbirth management. They are qualified to provide prenatal care, support during labor and delivery, as well as postpartum care. They are licensed medical professionals who can assist with normal childbirth, but they do not perform surgical procedures like cesarean deliveries. They also focus on providing holistic and personalized care to women throughout the childbirth process.
Dr. Whiren studies how culture is transmitted to the next generation. Dr. Whiren's research best aligns with the perspective of which theorist?
- A. Jean Piaget
- B. John Bowlby
- C. Lev Vygotsky
- D. Erik Erikson
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dr. Whiren's study on how culture is transmitted to the next generation aligns best with the perspective of Lev Vygotsky. Vygotsky was a developmental psychologist who emphasized the importance of social interactions and cultural influences in shaping cognitive development. He believed that children learn through interactions with others and that culture plays a significant role in this learning process.
As a generation, the baby boomers are __________ than any previous mid- or late-life cohort.
- A. healthier, but less educated
- B. more educated, but less wealthy
- C. more self-focused, but less healthy
- D. healthier, better educated, and financially better off
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The baby boomers are healthier, better educated, and financially better off than any previous mid- or late-life cohort. This generation has generally enjoyed higher levels of education, advancements in healthcare, and increased economic opportunities, leading to improved overall well-being compared to earlier generations.