Nokea
Polycythaemia:
- A. Is a common cause of jaundice in the newborn
- B. Is significant if haematocrit > 65% on a capillary sample
- C. May cause apnoeas
- D. Exchange transfusion is the treatment of choice in symptomatic cases
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Polycythaemia is considered significant if the haematocrit exceeds 65% on a capillary sample, as it can lead to hyperviscosity and related complications.
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A client with ulcerative colitis is admitted to the medical unit during an acute exacerbation. The nurse should instruct the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to report which finding related to the client's bowel movements?
- A. Hard pellets of stool
- B. Clay-colored stool
- C. Stool with fatty streaks
- D. Blood in the stool
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Blood in the stool is a common finding during an acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis, which is an inflammatory condition of the colon.
Which is the most appropriate nursing action related to the administration of digoxin (Lanoxin) to an infant?
- A. Counting the apical rate for 30 seconds before administering the medication
- B. Withholding a dose if the apical heart rate is less than 100 beats/min
- C. Repeating a dose if the child vomits within 30 minutes of the previous dose
- D. Checking respiratory rate and blood pressure before each dose
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: As a rule, if the pulse rate of an infant is below 100 beats/min, the medication is withheld and the physician is notified.
BP screenings to detect end-organ damage should be done routinely beginning at what age?
- A. Birth
- B. 3 years
- C. 8 years
- D. 13 years
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The recommended age to establish a baseline blood pressure in a healthy child is around 3 years.
What is the primary nursing intervention to prevent bacterial endocarditis?
- A. Institute measures to prevent dental procedures.
- B. Counsel parents of high-risk children about prophylactic antibiotics.
- C. Observe children for complications, such as embolism and heart failure.
- D. Encourage restricted mobility in susceptible children.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The objective of nursing care is to counsel the parents of high-risk children about both the need for prophylactic antibiotics for dental procedures and the necessity of maintaining excellent oral health. The child’s dentist should be aware of the child’s cardiac condition. Dental procedures should be done to maintain a high level of oral health. Prophylactic antibiotics are necessary. Children should be observed for complications such as embolism and heart failure and restricted mobility should be encouraged in susceptible children, but maintaining good oral health and prophylactic antibiotics is important.
Water excretion:
- A. Is influenced by the proximal tubule
- B. Is influenced by vasopressin
- C. Depends on erythropoietin
- D. Is influenced by the ascending limb of the loop of Henle
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Is influenced by vasopressin