Positive time management skills include:
- A. maintaining an open-door policy.
- B. retaining all paperwork.
- C. returning all telephone calls immediately.
- D. scheduling daily activities.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: scheduling daily activities. This is because positive time management skills involve planning and organizing tasks to effectively utilize time. By scheduling daily activities, individuals can prioritize tasks, set goals, and allocate time efficiently. This helps in achieving productivity and reducing stress.
Choice A (maintaining an open-door policy) is incorrect as it pertains to communication style, not time management. Choice B (retaining all paperwork) is not directly related to time management but rather to organization. Choice C (returning all telephone calls immediately) is also not a direct indicator of effective time management as it focuses on communication responsiveness rather than overall time utilization.
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A state is devastated by a tornado killing many people, destroying communication systems, utility services, homes, and medical facilities. The state requests immediate assistance from the U.S. Congress and from surrounding states. The affected state should first contact the:
- A. Emergency Management Assistance Compact (EMAC).
- B. Institute of Medicine (IOM).
- C. Red Cross.
- D. Strategic National Stockpile.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Emergency Management Assistance Compact (EMAC).
1. EMAC is a mutual aid agreement among states for disaster response.
2. It allows affected states to request and receive assistance from other states.
3. It facilitates coordination and deployment of resources quickly in emergencies.
4. IOM focuses on health research, Red Cross on humanitarian aid, and Strategic National Stockpile on medical supplies, but they do not provide the immediate multi-sectoral assistance needed in this scenario.
An RN recently relocated to another region of the country and immediately assumed the role of charge nurse. When determining the appropriate person to whom to delegate, the RN knows that:
- A. the role of the LPN/LVN is the same from state to state.
- B. the LPN/LVN can be taught to perform all the duties of an RN if approved by the employer and if additional on-the-job training is provided.
- C. he or she must review the state's nurse practice act for LPN/LVNs, because each state defines the role and scope of practice of the LPN/LVN.
- D. The Joint Commission has certified and established roles for the LPN/LVN.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. When delegating tasks to an LPN/LVN, the RN must review the state's nurse practice act because each state defines the role and scope of practice of the LPN/LVN. This is crucial as the LPN/LVN scope of practice can vary significantly from state to state. By reviewing the nurse practice act, the RN ensures that the tasks being delegated fall within the legal scope of practice for the LPN/LVN in that specific state, promoting safe and effective patient care.
Choice A is incorrect because the role of the LPN/LVN can differ between states.
Choice B is incorrect because LPN/LVNs cannot perform all duties of an RN, and additional training does not change their scope of practice.
Choice D is incorrect because the Joint Commission does not establish roles for LPN/LVNs; it focuses on accreditation standards for healthcare organizations.
Although a hospital reversed all charges when a client was the victim of wrong site surgery, the court awarded the client $5 million. The client was able to return to work in 6 weeks and had no permanent damages. This monetary compensation is termed:
- A. res ipsa loquitur.
- B. punitive damages.
- C. vicarious liability.
- D. immunity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: punitive damages. Punitive damages are awarded to punish the defendant for their wrongful actions. In this case, the hospital's negligence in performing wrong site surgery resulted in harm to the client, even though the hospital reversed the charges. The court awarded $5 million to punish the hospital for their negligence, as the client suffered emotional distress and the potential risk of harm. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: res ipsa loquitur is a legal doctrine used to shift the burden of proof from the plaintiff to the defendant in cases where the negligence is obvious.
C: vicarious liability holds an employer responsible for the actions of their employees, which is not directly applicable in this scenario.
D: immunity refers to protection from legal liability, which is not relevant in a case where the court awarded monetary compensation.
A young child is having abdominal pain, and the doctor informs the parents that a computed tomography (CT or CAT) scan of the abdomen will be ordered. The doctor tells the child, "This CAT scan won't hurt you." The child is visibly upset because of a fear of cats. According to Mishel's uncertainty in illness theory, which stage of the framework is represented?
- A. Stimuli frame
- B. Appraisal stage
- C. Initiation of coping mechanisms
- D. Adaptation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The child is upset due to a fear of cats, leading to uncertainty about the situation.
Step 2: Mishel's uncertainty in illness theory focuses on how individuals respond to uncertainty in health-related situations.
Step 3: In this case, the child's fear of cats creates a misinterpretation of the term "CAT scan."
Step 4: This misinterpretation falls under the Stimuli frame stage, where the individual perceives the situation based on external cues.
Step 5: Other choices are incorrect as they do not directly address the initial misinterpretation caused by the fear of cats.
In summary, choice A is correct because it aligns with Mishel's theory by highlighting the initial stimuli (fear of cats) causing uncertainty in the child's understanding of the situation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not address the specific misinterpretation of the term "CAT scan" due to the fear of cats.
An RN testifies at a trial where domestic violence is being investigated. She had previously assisted with specimen collection and had assessed the victim. The nurse is involved in nursing.
- A. triage
- B. forensic
- C. flight
- D. entrepreneurial
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: forensic. In this scenario, the nurse's involvement in specimen collection and assessment of the victim relates to forensic nursing, which involves providing healthcare in legal contexts like investigations and court proceedings. Triage (A) is the process of prioritizing patient care based on severity. Flight (C) and entrepreneurial (D) have no relevance to the situation described.
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