Nokea
Possible causes of isosexual precocious puberty in a 6-year-old girl are:
- A. McCune-Albright syndrome
- B. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
- C. Ovarian tumour
- D. Hypothalamic hamartomas
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypothalamic hamartomas can cause precocious puberty by secreting gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) prematurely.
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How much bilirubin can be bound to 1 gm of albumin?
- A. 8.5 mg
- B. 9.8 mg
- C. 10.5 mg
- D. 13.6 mg
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 1 gram of albumin can bind approximately 8.5 mg of bilirubin, which is important in managing neonatal jaundice.
Factors triggering renin stimulation:
- A. Hyponatraemia
- B. ACTH
- C. Hypovolaemia
- D. ANP
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypovolaemia
The nurse is monitoring an infant with a congenital heart disease closely for signs of heart failure. Which early sign should the nurse be most concerned about?
- A. Pallor
- B. Cough
- C. Tachycardia
- D. Slow and shallow breathing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tachycardia is an early sign of heart failure in infants because the heart attempts to compensate for decreased cardiac output by increasing the heart rate.
Which instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching for a client who has gastroesophageal reflux?
- A. Teach the client to elevate the head of the bed on blocks
- B. Remind the client to avoid high-fiber foods
- C. Encourage the client to lie down and rest after meals
- D. Instruct the client to use antacids only as a last resort
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed on blocks helps reduce reflux of stomach acid into the esophagus, improving symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease.
A client with multiple sclerosis has urinary retention related to sensorimotor deficits. Which action should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?
- A. Teach the client techniques for performing intermittent catheterization
- B. Increase the client's fluid intake to promote frequent urination.
- C. Suggest the use of incontinence pads for comfort
- D. Administer anticholinergic medications to enhance bladder function.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Intermittent catheterization helps manage urinary retention and prevents complications like urinary tract infections.