Potential sources of mercury include all of the following EXCEPT
- A. swordfish
- B. old teething powders
- C. quicksilver
- D. milk
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mercury is not typically found in milk. It is commonly found in fish, old teething powders, quicksilver, and other sources.
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minutes of birth may be as high as:
- A. 50
- B. 60
- C. 80
- D. 100
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The number of minutes in an hour is 60. Therefore, the maximum number of minutes at birth can only be 60 minutes in an hour. Since the options provided are all above 60, the highest plausible option is 100 minutes, making option D the correct answer.
A patient is admitted to a medical unit with a diagnosis of heart failure. The patient reports that she has had increasing fatigue during the past 2 weeks. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this fatigue?
- A. Dyspnea
- B. Decreased cardiac output
- C. Dry cough
- D. Orthopnea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fatigue in a patient with heart failure is commonly caused by decreased cardiac output. In heart failure, the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's demands, resulting in reduced delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the tissues. This can lead to generalized weakness and fatigue. Dyspnea (choice A) is commonly associated with heart failure but is more specific to difficulty breathing, while a dry cough (choice C) is a symptom that can be present but is not typically the primary cause of fatigue. Orthopnea (choice D) is a symptom of heart failure characterized by difficulty breathing when lying flat but is not directly related to the patient's increasing fatigue in this scenario.
A nurse is palpating a newborn's fontanels. The nurse documents the anterior fontanel is which shape?
- A. Circle
- B. Triangle
- C. Square
- D. Diamond
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The anterior fontanel, also known as the bregma, is the larger of the two fontanels located on the baby's skull. It is diamond-shaped, with the sutures meeting in the center to create a space that is soft and slightly depressed. While it is diamond-shaped when looking at the intersection of the sutures, when palpated or touched by a nurse, it often feels more circular due to the softness of the fontanel. It is important for nurses to monitor the fontanels for normal closure and development in newborns.
Mr. Aurelio diagnosed with heart failure, was prescribed with a 2 gm sodium diet. which of the following foods would nurse Norma instruct him to restrict?
- A. whole wheat bread
- B. canned tomato juice
- C. beef tenderloin strips
- D. apples
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Canned tomato juice is often high in sodium content due to added salt during processing. Since Mr. Aurelio has been prescribed a 2 gm sodium diet, the nurse would instruct him to restrict foods high in sodium content, such as canned tomato juice. Whole wheat bread and apples are generally low in sodium, and beef tenderloin strips can be chosen in lean cuts and prepared without high sodium additives, making them more suitable for Mr. Aurelio's dietary restrictions.
which of the following is true concerning rheumatic fever?
- A. it is usually associated with glomerulonephritis
- B. symptoms disappear shortly after the fever abate and the temperature returns to normal
- C. the child should resume normal activities as soon as she feels well
- D. it usually follows a streptococcal infection
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that can develop as a complication of inadequately treated streptococcal infections, especially streptococcal throat infections caused by group A streptococcus bacteria. The bacteria trigger an abnormal immune response in susceptible individuals, leading to the development of rheumatic fever. The other choices are not accurate. Glomerulonephritis is a separate condition associated with certain types of streptococcal infections but not with rheumatic fever. Symptoms of rheumatic fever can persist even after the fever has subsided, and it is important for children with rheumatic fever to follow proper treatment and rest guidelines as advised by healthcare providers. It is crucial for individuals with rheumatic fever to avoid activities that could strain the heart until the condition has been properly managed.