labor and delivery questions and answers

labor and delivery questions and answers Related

Review labor and delivery questions and answers related questions and content

Pregnant patients can usually tolerate the normal blood loss associated with childbirth because of which physiologic adaptation to pregnancy?

  • A. A higher hematocrit
  • B. Increased leukocytes
  • C. Increased blood volume
  • D. A lower fibrinogen level
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Increased blood volume. During pregnancy, a woman's blood volume increases by about 30-50% to support the growing fetus and prepare for potential blood loss during childbirth. This increased blood volume helps pregnant patients tolerate the normal blood loss associated with childbirth without experiencing severe complications like hypovolemic shock.

Rationale:
A: A higher hematocrit would not directly contribute to increased blood volume and would not help in tolerating blood loss during childbirth.
B: Increased leukocytes are part of the immune response and are not directly related to blood volume or tolerance to blood loss.
D: A lower fibrinogen level would not directly contribute to increased blood volume and would not help in tolerating blood loss during childbirth.

Summary:
Choice C is correct because increased blood volume is a crucial physiologic adaptation during pregnancy that enables pregnant patients to tolerate the normal blood loss associated with childbirth. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not directly related to this

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A woman’s pelvis is described as long and narrow with an anteroposterior diameter greater than the transverse diameter. This is known as which type of pelvis?

  • A. Platypelloid
  • B. Android
  • C. Anthropoid
  • D. Gynecoid
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Anthropoid. In an anthropoid pelvis, the anteroposterior diameter is greater than the transverse diameter, giving it a long and narrow shape. This type of pelvis resembles the pelvis seen in higher primates. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Platypelloid pelvis has a transversely wide and short shape.
B: Android pelvis has a heart-shaped inlet with a prominent sacrum and narrow pubic arch.
D: Gynecoid pelvis has a round inlet and a wide pubic arch, typically seen in females and ideal for childbirth.

The nurse is planning care for a patient during the fourth stage of labor. Which interventions should the nurse plan to implement? (Select all that apply.)

  • A. Offer the patient a warm blanket.
  • B. Place an ice pack on the perineum.
  • C. Massage the uterus if it is boggy.
  • D. Delay breastfeeding until the patient is reste
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Offer the patient a warm blanket. In the fourth stage of labor, the mother experiences postpartum hemorrhage risk due to uterine atony. Keeping the patient warm helps prevent hypothermia, which can lead to increased bleeding. Ice packs (B) are not indicated as they can cause vasoconstriction and inhibit proper blood flow. Massaging the uterus (C) is appropriate in the third stage of labor to prevent hemorrhage but not in the fourth stage. Delaying breastfeeding (D) is incorrect as early breastfeeding promotes uterine contractions, reducing the risk of postpartum hemorrhage.

Why is precipitous labor most often seen in multiparous women?

  • A. The cervix weakens after each delivery.
  • B. The cervix can dilate and efface simultaneously.
  • C. The multigravida uterus is better able to coordinate muscle movements.
  • D. It is more difficult for multiparous women to know when labor begins.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the multigravida uterus has undergone labor before, making muscle coordination more efficient. This allows for faster and more coordinated contractions, leading to precipitous labor. Choice A is incorrect because the cervix does not weaken after each delivery. Choice B is incorrect as simultaneous dilation and effacement are not specific to multiparous women. Choice D is incorrect because the ability to recognize labor onset is not a determining factor in the occurrence of precipitous labor.

A gravida 3, para 2 is attempting a vaginal birth without the use of pain medicine or anesthesia. Following spontaneous rupture of membranes, the patient’s cervical exam was 5 cm dilated, 60% effaced, -2 station. Which therapeutic intervention is appropriate for this patient?

  • A. Ambulation with assistance
  • B. Squatting with support from partner
  • C. Sitting on birthing ball
  • D. Resting on hands and knees
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sitting on birthing ball. This position helps to open up the pelvis, allowing gravity to assist in descent of the baby. It also promotes optimal positioning for the baby, reducing the risk of malpresentation. The other choices (A, B, D) do not provide the same benefits in terms of promoting optimal fetal positioning and utilizing gravity to aid in labor progress. Ambulation with assistance may not provide as much support for the pelvis, squatting with support from the partner may not be as stable or comfortable for the mother, and resting on hands and knees may not encourage as much engagement of the baby's head in the pelvis.

The nurse is directing an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to obtain maternal vital signs between contractions. Which statement is the appropriate rationale for assessing maternal vital signs between contractions raNtheRr thaIn aGt anBot.heCr inMterval? U S N T O

  • A. Vital signs taken during contractions are inaccurat
  • B. During a contraction, assessing fetal heart rate is the priority.
  • C. Maternal blood flow to the heart is reduced during contractions.
  • D. Maternal circulating blood volume increases temporarily during contractions.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Maternal circulating blood volume increases temporarily during contractions.
1. During contractions, the uterus contracts, temporarily reducing blood flow to the placenta and increasing blood volume in the maternal circulation.
2. This temporary increase in blood volume can affect vital signs, such as blood pressure and heart rate.
3. Assessing maternal vital signs between contractions provides a more accurate baseline reading.
4. Choice A is incorrect because vital signs taken during contractions may be affected by the temporary increase in blood volume.
5. Choice B is incorrect as assessing fetal heart rate is a separate priority and not directly related to maternal vital signs.
6. Choice C is incorrect as maternal blood flow to the heart is not reduced during contractions.

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