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A nurse is caring for four newborns. Which of the following newborns should the nurse assess first?
- A. Newborn who has nasal flaring
- B. Newborn who has subconjunctival hemorrhage of the left eye
- C. A newborn who has overlapping suture lines
- D. A newborn who has not rust-stained urine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nasal flaring in a newborn can be a sign of respiratory distress, which is a critical condition that requires immediate attention. It indicates that the newborn is having difficulty breathing and may not be getting enough oxygen. This can be due to various reasons such as lung problems, infections, or other respiratory issues. Therefore, the nurse should assess and address the newborn with nasal flaring first to ensure their breathing is stable and adequate.
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The nurse in a clinic is teaching a client of childbearing age about recommended folic acid supplements. Which of the following defects can occur in the fetus or neonate as a result folic acid deficiency?
- A. iron deficiency anemia
- B. Poor bone formation
- C. Macrosomia fetus
- D. Neural tube defect
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Folic acid is essential for the development of the neural tube in the fetus. When a pregnant woman has a deficiency in folic acid, it can lead to neural tube defects in the fetus. Neural tube defects are serious birth defects that affect the brain, spine, or spinal cord of the baby. The most common types of neural tube defects include spina bifida and anencephaly. Therefore, it is crucial for women of childbearing age to ensure an adequate intake of folic acid to prevent such birth defects.
A patient has just been prescribed birth control pills and asks about possible side effects. Which of the following should be discussed with the patient?
- A. Increase in menstrual flow
- B. Headaches or nausea
- C. Decrease in libido
- D. Increased risk of breast cancer
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Headaches and nausea are common side effects of oral contraceptives. Choice A is incorrect because birth control pills typically decrease the menstrual flow. Choice C is not commonly reported with oral contraceptives, and many women report no change in libido. Choice D is incorrect because while oral contraceptives may slightly increase the risk of certain cancers, breast cancer risk is not significantly elevated compared to the general population.
In the male reproductive system, what internal struc- standing of transmission? ture secretes fluid into the semen and is responsible
- A. All of my sons will be affected. in shutting off the urethra at the bladder?
- B. My father had this disease and passed it on to me.
- C. Seminal vesicles
- D. I have a 50% chance of passing the gene to a
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The seminal vesicles are responsible for secreting fluid into the semen during ejaculation. This fluid helps nourish and protect the sperm as they travel through the female reproductive system. The prostate gland, on the other hand, is responsible for producing components of semen that help with sperm motility and viability. The seminal vesicles play a crucial role in the male reproductive system by contributing to the overall composition of semen.
The nurse is educating a pregnant client about group B streptococcus (GBS) testing. When is this typically performed?
- A. At the first prenatal visit.
- B. Between 35–37 weeks' gestation.
- C. During the second trimester.
- D. After 40 weeks' gestation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: GBS testing is typically performed between 35–37 weeks to identify and manage infection risks during delivery.
What is the priority nursing action for a newborn with a temperature of 35.5°C (95.9°F)?
- A. Place the newborn under a radiant warmer
- B. Administer warm IV fluids
- C. Swaddle the newborn in warm blankets
- D. Provide glucose supplementation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Placing the newborn under a radiant warmer helps raise body temperature and prevent complications.