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Prior to initiating a treatment regimen with the antidepressant sertraline, it is most important for the nurse to obtain which information?
- A. Any history of heart disease.
- B. Familial history of mental illness.
- C. Current weight.
- D. Medication history.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Medication history is critical to identify potential drug interactions, especially with serotonergic drugs, to prevent serotonin syndrome. Heart disease history, familial mental illness, and weight are relevant but secondary. [Note: Document incorrectly lists A as correct; D is more appropriate per standard practice.]
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The nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing extreme sadness after the passing of a companion of 30 years. The client describes not being able to think of other things and finds it difficult to control emotions. Which action should the nurse take first?
- A. Explore changes in life that have occurred after the loss.
- B. Suggest the need for a psychiatric consultation.
- C. Offer a referral to pastoral counseling.
- D. Encourage attending a local support group.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Exploring life changes post-loss helps assess the client's grief and tailor interventions, making it the priority action.
Laboratory Test
Result
Glucose
75 mg/dL (4.2 mmol/L)
Reference Range
74 to 106 mg/dim (4.1 to 5.9 mmol/L)
Click to highlight the assessment findings that require IMMEDIATE follow-up by the nurse. The client is a 68-year-old with a history of diabetes, hypertension (HTN), coronary artery disease (CAD), and recently diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ERSD). She has been on hemodialysis three times a week for one month and presents to the emergency department (ED) with: Fatigue, Generalized weakness, Muscle cramps, Tingling sensation in her arms and legs, Lightheadedness. She also reports having missed her scheduled dialysis for the past 2 days, coupled with complaints of nausea, poor appetite, and an inability to attend the dialysis sessions.
- A. Muscle cramps
- B. Tingling sensation in her arms and legs
- C. Lightheadedness
- D. Fatigue
- E. Generalized weakness
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Muscle cramps, tingling sensation, and lightheadedness are signs of electrolyte imbalance, likely due to missed dialysis, which can lead to serious complications like cardiac arrhythmias. The nurse should monitor vital signs, neurological status, and notify the physician.
History and Physical
Laboratory Results
Imaging Studies
Initial vital signs
Vital signs
The client is a 68-year-old with a history of diabetes, hypertension (HTN), coronary artery disease (CAD), and was recently diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ERSD). She has been placed on hemodialysis three times a week for one month. She presents to the emergency department (ED) with fatigue, generalized weakness, muscle cramps, tingling sensation in her arms and legs, and lightheadedness following 3 days of Illness during which her husband reports she has complained of nausea and had a poor appetite and not able to go for her scheduled dialysis.
On further assessment, the client reports that her doctor had recently started her on Lisinopril for blood pressure control but it "doesn't seem to help". She then complained of some chest discomfort. The client is moved to an ED room and another set of vital signs is performed. Physician notified and orders received.
Select the client actions that were effective in her treatment.
- A. Denies cramps, weakness, or nausea
- B. BP 116/68 mm Hg, HR 75 bpm
- C. Potassium level 3.6 mEq/L (3.6 mmol/L)
- D. Verbalizes commitment to dialysis appointments
- E. Client states that she will need to resume her Lisinopril to control blood pressure
- F. The client is eager to add dark green vegetables and potatoes to her diet
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Stable BP/HR, normal potassium, and dialysis commitment indicate effective treatment. Denying symptoms needs investigation, resuming Lisinopril requires provider guidance, and high-potassium foods are inappropriate.
When responding to a call light, the nurse finds a client with aggressive behaviors pacing, and restless in the room. The client shouts, 'What took you so long to get in here!' Which action should the nurse implement?
- A. Request backup from the staff.
- B. Stand in the doorway.
- C. Provide for personal space.
- D. Encourage the client to sit down.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Providing personal space reduces the perception of threat, helping de-escalate agitation safely.
The nurse is using the CAGE questionnaire as a screening tool for a client who is seeking help because his wife said he had a drinking problem. Which information should the nurse explore in-depth with the client based on this screening tool?
- A. Cancer screening results, anger, gastritis, daily alcohol intake.
- B. Consumption, liver enzyme, gastrointestinal complaints, and bleeding.
- C. Efforts to cut down, annoyance with questions, guilt, and drinking as an 'Eye-opener.'
- D. Minimizes drinking, frequently misses family events, guilt about drinking, and amount of daily intake.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The CAGE questionnaire assesses alcohol dependency through efforts to cut down, annoyance, guilt, and eye-opener drinking, which should be explored in-depth.