Nokea
Providing information about diet & exercise for a healthy diabetic client is best described as which nursing activity?
- A. Promoting wellness
- B. Preventing illness
- C. Treating disease
- D. Restoring health
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Promoting wellness. Providing information about diet and exercise for a healthy diabetic client falls under promoting wellness because it focuses on proactive measures to maintain health and prevent complications. It aims to empower the client to make healthy lifestyle choices.
B: Preventing illness is not the best description as the client is already diabetic, so the focus is on managing the condition rather than solely preventing it.
C: Treating disease is not accurate because the client is already diabetic and the goal is not to treat the disease, but rather manage it effectively.
D: Restoring health is not applicable in this scenario as the client is not in a state of compromised health that needs to be restored.
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Which of the following is a common side effect of benzodiazepines in older adults?
- A. Increased alertness
- B. Increased risk of falls
- C. Improved memory
- D. Enhanced muscle strength
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased risk of falls. Benzodiazepines are central nervous system depressants that can cause drowsiness, dizziness, and impaired coordination, leading to an increased risk of falls in older adults. This is due to the sedative effects of benzodiazepines, which can affect balance and motor skills. Increased alertness (choice A) is not a common side effect of benzodiazepines, as they typically have a calming and sedating effect. Improved memory (choice C) is also unlikely, as benzodiazepines are more commonly associated with memory impairment. Enhanced muscle strength (choice D) is not a known side effect of benzodiazepines, as they do not directly affect muscle strength. In summary, the correct answer is B because benzodiazepines can increase the risk of falls in older adults due to their sedative properties.
In treating depression in older adults, which of the following is considered the most effective treatment modality?
- A. Long-term pharmacological therapy with SSRIs
- B. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) combined with antidepressant medications
- C. Antidepressant medications alone
- D. Psychodynamic therapy to address unresolved issues from early life
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) combined with antidepressant medications, for treating depression in older adults. CBT helps address negative thought patterns and behaviors associated with depression, while antidepressant medications provide physiological support. Combining both approaches has been shown to be more effective than either treatment alone in older adults.
A: Long-term pharmacological therapy with SSRIs may have side effects and limited effectiveness in older adults.
C: Antidepressant medications alone may not address the underlying psychological factors contributing to depression.
D: Psychodynamic therapy may not be as effective in older adults as it focuses on unresolved issues from early life rather than targeting current depressive symptoms.
Which of the following issues in the care of older adults are identified in Healthy People 2020?
- A. Delineating nursing staffing levels in long term care
- B. Eradicating pressure ulcers in all care settings
- C. Identifying minimum levels of training for people who care for older adults
- D. Instituting mandatory training in identification of elder abuse for all caregivers of older adults
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Healthy People 2020 focuses on improving the health and well-being of all individuals, including older adults.
Step 2: Identifying minimum levels of training for people who care for older adults is crucial to ensure quality care.
Step 3: This issue aligns with the goal of promoting quality of care and safety for older adults.
Step 4: Other choices are not directly addressed in Healthy People 2020 goals.
Summary: Choice C is correct as it directly relates to improving the care of older adults, while the other choices focus on specific issues not highlighted in Healthy People 2020.
A nurse interviewing a non–English-speaking client with an interpreter should: (Select all that apply.)
- A. Look and speak to the interpreter.
- B. Use technical terminology to ensure accuracy.
- C. Allow more time for the interview.
- D. Watch the client’s nonverbal communication.
Correct Answer: C, D, E
Rationale: The correct answers are C, D, and E. C is crucial as it allows for effective communication, D involves observing nonverbal cues, and E emphasizes the need for clear and concise language. A is incorrect as the nurse should address the client directly, not just the interpreter. B is incorrect as using technical terms may hinder understanding.
The term health disparity is defined as
- A. The systematic elimination of the culture of another resulting in decreased wellness.
- B. Differences in health outcomes among groups.
- C. The difference between an expected incidence and prevalence and that which actually occurs in a comparison population group.
- D. The existence of more than one group with differing values and perspective.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because health disparity refers to variations in health outcomes among different groups due to factors such as socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity, etc. This definition accurately captures the essence of health disparity as it highlights the unequal distribution of health outcomes.
Choice A is incorrect because it refers to cultural elimination, which is not the definition of health disparity. Choice C is incorrect as it talks about differences in expected and actual incidence, not health outcomes among groups. Choice D is incorrect as it focuses on values and perspectives rather than health outcomes.