Nokea
Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) has been ordered as a nasal decongestant. Which of the following is a possible adverse effect of this drug?
- A. Constipation.
- B. Bradycardia.
- C. Diplopia.
- D. Restlessness.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic that can cause central nervous system stimulation, leading to restlessness. Constipation, bradycardia, and diplopia are not common adverse effects of this medication.
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The nurse is planning care for a client with a fractured humerus in a sling. Which intervention should be included?
- A. Encourage shoulder shrugging exercises.
- B. Apply heat to the fracture site.
- C. Keep the arm in a dependent position.
- D. Restrict all arm movement.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Shoulder shrugging exercises maintain mobility and prevent stiffness without stressing the fracture.
A nurse teaches a client experiencing heartburn to take 1 ½ oz of Maalox when symptoms appear. How many milliliters should the client take?
Correct Answer: 45 mL
Rationale: To convert ounces to milliliters: 1.5 oz × 30 mL/oz = 45 mL. The client should take 45 milliliters of Maalox.
The nurse has an order to administer 2 oz of lactulose (Cephulac) to a client who has cirrhosis. How many milliliters of lactulose should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: 60 mL
Rationale: 2 oz = 60 mL (1 oz = 30 mL). Thus, the nurse should administer 60 mL of lactulose.
A client is transferred to his room from the intensive care unit after a craniotomy for treatment of a malignant brain tumor in the occipital region. The nurse should question which of these orders?
- A. 400 mg of ibuprofen (Motrin).
- B. 500 mg of naproxen (Naprosyn).
- C. Morphine sulfate.
- D. Acetaminophen (Tylenol).
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ibuprofen (an NSAID) should be questioned post-craniotomy due to the risk of bleeding, which can be exacerbated by its antiplatelet effects in the context of recent brain surgery.
The nurse should monitor the client with Cushing's disease for which of the following?
- A. Postprandial hypoglycemia.
- B. Hypokalemia.
- C. Hyponatremia.
- D. Decreased urine calcium level.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypokalemia is common in Cushing's disease due to aldosterone excess, causing potassium loss.