Nokea
Psychosis in children is suggested by:
- A. Absence of speech
- B. Intense outbursts of temper
- C. Recurrence of bed-wetting following a period of control
- D. Feelings of depersonalisation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Feelings of depersonalisation are a hallmark of psychosis. Absence of speech and temper outbursts are nonspecific, and bed-wetting is not diagnostic.
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After the nurse provides dietary restrictions to the parents of a child with celiac disease, which statement by the parents indicates effective teaching?
- A. “Well follow these instructions until our child’s symptoms disappear.â€
- B. “Our child must maintain these dietary restrictions until adulthood.â€
- C. “Our child must maintain these dietary restrictions lifelong.â€
- D. “We’ll follow these instructions until our child has completely grown and developed.â€
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Celiac disease requires lifelong adherence to a gluten-free diet to prevent symptoms and complications.
Which type of shock is characterized by a hypersensitivity reaction causing massive vasodilation and capillary leaks, which may occur with drug or latex allergy?
- A. Neurogenic
- B. Cardiogenic
- C. Hypovolemic
- D. Anaphylactic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anaphylactic shock results from extreme allergy or hypersensitivity to a foreign substance. Neurogenic shock results from loss of neuronal control, such as the interruption of neuronal transmission that occurs from a spinal cord injury. Cardiogenic shock is decreased cardiac output. Hypovolemic shock is a reduction in the size of the vascular compartment, decreasing blood pressure, and low central venous pressure.
Which of the following is a neurocutaneous syndrome without cutaneous manifestations?
- A. Sturge-Weber syndrome
- B. Tuberous sclerosis
- C. Ataxia telangiectasia
- D. Von Hippel-Lindau disease
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Von Hippel-Lindau disease is a neurocutaneous syndrome that primarily affects internal organs and often lacks cutaneous manifestations.
Which of the following is an example of humanized anti-human IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody?
- A. Infliximab
- B. Adalimumab
- C. Tocilizumab
- D. Anakinra
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tocilizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the IL-6 receptor, used in treating inflammatory conditions.
Regarding IUGR:
- A. GH deficiency is a recognised complication in later life
- B. Abdominal circumference measured by USG is a diagnostic parameter
- C. Perinatal morbidity is higher in asymmetric IUGR
- D. Nutritional factor is the commonest cause of IUGR in the UK
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Abdominal circumference measured by ultrasound is a key diagnostic parameter for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).