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Psychosocial theorists propose that somatic symptom illnesses are an indirect expression of stress and anxiety through physical symptoms. Which is the primary defense mechanism used in somatoform disorders?
- A. Somatization
- B. Identification
- C. Internalization
- D. Repression
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Internalization involves unconsciously keeping stress or anxiety inside, expressed through physical symptoms in somatoform disorders.
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The nurse is identifying outcomes for a client with a somatic symptom illness. Which is an appropriate outcome to include in the plan of care?
- A. The client will verbally express his or her emotions.
- B. The client will be free from stress.
- C. The client will demonstrate alternative ways to avoid stressful situations.
- D. The client will verbalize acceptance of physical symptoms.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Verbal expression of emotions is a realistic outcome, helping clients address underlying psychological factors.
Which statement would indicate to the nurse that the client has understood somatic symptom illness?
- A. As soon as my symptoms go away, I'll be my old self again.
- B. How I handle stress and emotions can affect my physical health.
- C. I have to avoid stress all my life to avoid getting sick again.
- D. Taking medication won't help my pain since it's caused by stress.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Understanding the link between stress, emotions, and physical health reflects accurate insight into somatic symptom illness.
The family members of a client with somatic symptom illness report to the nurse that every time they invite the client to join in an activity the client declines, saying things like, 'I wish I could, but I feel so terrible.' Which of the following approaches should the nurse suggest to encourage activity?
- A. What does your pain feel like right now?
- B. You are fine, the doctor said so. Let's go.
- C. I know this is difficult, but exercise is important. It will be a short walk.
- D. I'll let you rest. Let me know when you feel better.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Validating feelings while encouraging activity promotes participation without dismissing the client's experience.
A client is seen in the primary care clinic complaining of headaches. The client appears extremely distressed and insists that she must have a brain tumor. Which diagnosis is most probable for this client?
- A. Conversion disorder
- B. Pain disorder
- C. Brain cancer
- D. Hypochondriasis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypochondriasis involves preoccupation with fear of serious illness, like a brain tumor, despite no organic basis.
The client asks the nurse, 'What does having psychosomatic symptoms mean?' What should the nurse reply?
- A. It means you're not physically sick.
- B. It means that stress and/or emotions can cause or worsen physical symptoms.
- C. It means that you'll be well when you get your life in order.
- D. It means that your symptoms are a product of your imagination.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Psychosomatic symptoms are real physical manifestations caused or worsened by stress or emotions, not imagined or consciously controlled.