Nokea
Pulmonary edema is characterized by:
- A. Elevated left ventricular and-diastolic
- B. Increased hydrostatic pressure
- C. All of the above alterations
- D. A rise in pulmonary venous pressure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pulmonary edema is characterized by increased hydrostatic pressure in the pulmonary capillaries and a rise in pulmonary venous pressure, which leads to fluid leaking out of the pulmonary capillaries and into the alveoli. This results in elevated left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, which is a key characteristic of pulmonary edema. Therefore, all of the above alterations (increased hydrostatic pressure, a rise in pulmonary venous pressure, and elevated left ventricular end-diastolic pressure) are seen in pulmonary edema.
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An 18-year-old with a groin rash and itching is worried about having an STD and does not want his parents to know. What should the nurse say?
- A. We will need to contact your parents.
- B. We will not contact your parents regarding this visit.
- C. Who would you like us to contact about your visit today?
- D. We cannot promise that the hospital will not contact your parents.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adolescents have the right to privacy regarding sexual health, unless there is a risk to life.
Which of the following statements would be the nurse's response to a famiiy member asking questions about a client's transient ischemic attack (TIA)?
- A. "I think you should ask the doctor. Would you like me to cail him for you?"
- B. " The blood supply to the brain has decreased causing permanent brain damage."
- C. "It Is a temporary interruption in the blood flow to the brain."
- D. "TIA means a transient ischemic attack."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct response would be: "It is a temporary interruption in the blood flow to the brain." This response provides a clear and accurate explanation of a transient ischemic attack (TIA), which is commonly known as a "mini-stroke." A TIA is indeed a temporary episode where there is a brief interruption in the blood flow to the brain, leading to symptoms similar to those of a stroke, but without lasting damage. This response would give the family member a better understanding of what a TIA is and help alleviate concerns about permanent brain damage.
The physician writes a "now" order for codeine 45 mg IM for a patient with thrombophlebitis. The nurse has on hand 60 mg/2 mL. Which of the ff. doses should be given?
- A. 1.45 mL c.1.75 mL
- B. 1.50 mL
- C. 2.15 mL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To determine how many milliliters of the medication should be given, it is important to first calculate the total amount of codeine required based on the physician's order. The physician ordered codeine 45 mg IM, and the available concentration is 60 mg/2 mL. To find out the appropriate dose to administer, you can set up a proportion:
all the following are major signs of DM except :
- A. polydipsia
- B. hypernatremia
- C. polyphagia
- D. hyporeflexia and bradycardia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hyporeflexia (reduced deep tendon reflexes) and bradycardia (slow heart rate) are not typical signs of diabetes mellitus (DM). The major signs of DM are the classic "3 Ps": polydipsia (excessive thirst), polyuria (excessive urination), and polyphagia (excessive hunger). These symptoms are usually due to elevated blood glucose levels leading to increased thirst, frequent urination, and hunger. Additionally, unexplained weight loss can also be a common symptom of DM. Other complications related to DM, such as neuropathy, can lead to issues like hyporeflexia, but they are not considered major signs of DM itself.
An 18-year-old with a groin rash and itching is worried about having an STD and does not want his parents to know. What should the nurse say?
- A. We will need to contact your parents.
- B. We will not contact your parents regarding this visit.
- C. Who would you like us to contact about your visit today?
- D. We cannot promise that the hospital will not contact your parents.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adolescents have the right to privacy regarding sexual health, unless there is a risk to life.