Nokea
Pulmonary hypotension in a neonate associate with
- A. Diaphragmatic hernia
- B. Oxygen therapy
- C. Meconium aspiration
- D. Pneumothrax
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diaphragmatic hernia can lead to decreased lung expansion and pulmonary hypotension.
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What information should the nurse include in the teaching plan of a client diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
- A. Sleep without pillows at night to maintain neck alignment.
- B. Adjust food intake to three full meals per day and no snacks.
- C. Minimize symptoms by wearing loose, comfortable clothing
- D. Avoid participation in any aerobic exercise programs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Loose clothing reduces pressure on the abdomen, which can help minimize GERD symptoms.
What is the age-predicted maximum heart rate in a 60-year old man on beta blockers?
- A. 122
- B. 133
- C. 155
- D. 166
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Beta blockers reduce the maximum heart rate. The age-predicted maximum heart rate for a 60-year-old on beta blockers is approximately 122 bpm.
A toddler who has been hospitalized for vomiting due to gastroenteritis is sleeping and difficult to wake up. Assessment reveals vital signs of a regular heart rate of 230 beats per minute, respiratory rate of 30 per minute, BP of 84/52, and capillary refill time of 3 seconds. Which dysrhythmia does the nurse suspect in this child?
- A. Rapid atrial flutter
- B. Supraventricular tachycardia
- C. Sinus bradycardia
- D. Rapid atrial fibrillation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Supraventricular tachycardia is characterized by a very rapid heart rate, which can lead to decreased cardiac output and symptoms such as lethargy and difficulty waking, as seen in this toddler.
A client with acute renal injury (AKI) who weighs 50 kg and has a potassium level of 6.7 mEq/L (6.7 mmol/l) is admitted to the hospital. Which prescribed medication should the nurse administer first?
- A. Sevelamer (RenaGel) one tablet PO.
- B. Epoetin alfa, recombinant (Epogen) 2,500 units SUBQ
- C. Sodium polystyrene (Kayexalate) 15 grams PO
- D. Calcium acetate (Phos-Lo) one tablet PO
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene (Kayexalate) helps remove excess potassium, which is the priority concern in AKI with elevated potassium.
Complications of long-term TPN administration are:
- A. Selenium deficiency
- B. Abnormal liver function tests
- C. Osteopaenia
- D. Renal failure
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Selenium deficiency is a known complication of long-term total parenteral nutrition (TPN) due to inadequate trace element supplementation.