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Qualified nursing school applicants have continued to be turned away, limiting enrollment due to a shortage of faculty, which is attributed to several factors, including:
- A. nursing faculty are subject to high levels of burnout and job dissatisfaction.
- B. only the number of faculty in Associate Degree programs remain stable.
- C. the mean age of nursing faculty continues to decrease and older faculty mentors have left the profession.
- D. increasing job competition from higher paying clinical sites, even as the economy recovers.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it directly addresses the shortage of nursing faculty by highlighting the issue of burnout and job dissatisfaction, which leads to faculty turnover and limits enrollment. This explanation aligns with the initial statement that qualified applicants are being turned away due to the shortage of faculty.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address the main issue of faculty shortage. B talks about the stability of faculty numbers in Associate Degree programs, which is irrelevant to the shortage. C discusses the decrease in the mean age of nursing faculty and the departure of older mentors, but this does not explain the shortage of faculty. D mentions increasing job competition from clinical sites, which is not the primary reason for the shortage of nursing faculty.
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An RN makes the following assignments at the beginning of the shift. Which assignment would be considered high-risk delegation?
- A. A novice RN is assigned a patient with diabetes mellitus requiring mixing of regular and NPH insulin.
- B. An LPN is assigned an older adult with pneumonia and who requires dressing changes on a foot wound.
- C. An unlicensed assistive person is assigned the task of assisting a patient with late stages of Huntington's disease to ambulate a short distance in the hallway.
- D. A float RN from the oncology unit is assigned a patient with a white blood cell count of 4000 mm
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it involves a high-risk delegation. Mixing insulin is a complex task that requires precise measurements and understanding of the patient's condition. A novice RN may lack the experience and knowledge to safely perform this task, leading to potential harm for the patient.
Choice B involves wound care, which is within an LPN's scope of practice and not as high-risk as insulin administration. Choice C involves basic ambulation assistance, which is appropriate for an unlicensed assistive person under supervision. Choice D involves caring for a patient with low white blood cell count, which may be challenging but not as high-risk as insulin mixing for a novice RN.
Which trend is an effect of the nursing shortage on nursing education?
- A. Only devoted qualified nurses are continuing to provide bedside nursing because of the complexity of care required, resulting in excellent preceptorships for students.
- B. The number of applicants to nursing programs has risen, but enrollment is limited because of a decrease in the number of available scholarships and grants.
- C. With an increase in the number of nurses who are entering graduate school to escape bedside nursing, students will soon enjoy a lower faculty/student ratio.
- D. Students may be assigned to preceptors who have not yet developed expertise in the field of interest.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the nursing shortage has led to a situation where students may be assigned to preceptors who have not yet developed expertise in the field of interest. This is a direct effect of the shortage as experienced and qualified nurses may not always be available to mentor students. This can impact the quality of education and training students receive, potentially hindering their learning and skill development.
Options A, B, and C are incorrect:
A: While it is true that devoted qualified nurses may be providing bedside nursing due to the complexity of care required, this does not directly relate to the effect of the nursing shortage on nursing education.
B: The increase in the number of applicants and limited enrollment due to financial reasons is a separate issue from the shortage's impact on nursing education.
C: The increase in nurses entering graduate school does not necessarily result in a lower faculty/student ratio for nursing students and is not a direct effect of the nursing shortage on nursing education.
The staff on a nursing unit notes that patient satisfaction varies from month to month. They plot the degree of patient satisfaction each month for 1 year to determine when the periods of greatest dissatisfaction are occurring. The staff uses which type of graph?
- A. Time plot
- B. Pareto chart
- C. Flowchart
- D. Cause-and-effect diagram
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Time plot. A time plot is the most appropriate graph for displaying data over time to identify trends and patterns. In this scenario, plotting patient satisfaction levels monthly over a year allows the staff to analyze fluctuations and identify periods of greatest dissatisfaction accurately.
Summary of other choices:
B: Pareto chart - Pareto charts are used to display the frequency of occurrences in a dataset in descending order. It is not suitable for analyzing trends over time.
C: Flowchart - Flowcharts are used to represent processes and workflows, not suitable for displaying time-series data.
D: Cause-and-effect diagram - Cause-and-effect diagrams are used to identify and analyze potential causes of a problem, not suitable for displaying time-series data.
Medicare would be responsible for: (select all that apply)
- A. a hospital stay following a total knee replacement for a 70-year-old client.
- B. nursing home cost for a 67-year-old adult receiving hemodialysis.
- C. rehabilitation care costs for a 24-year-old client with a broken femur resulting from a fall at work.
- D. prescription cost for a young mother who meets eligibility for Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because Medicare covers hospital stays for individuals aged 65 and older, which would include a 70-year-old client. Choice B is incorrect because Medicare typically covers dialysis for individuals with end-stage renal disease, not nursing home costs. Choice C is incorrect because Medicare does not typically cover rehabilitation care for individuals under 65. Choice D is incorrect because AFDC is a separate program from Medicare that provides assistance for low-income families, and prescription costs for the young mother would likely be covered under a different program.
A nurse takes a day to travel to a state park where she can sit by the river alone to reflect over recent events and put things into perspective. She recalls the time she was complimented for her ability to deal with a difficult patient and another time when she was criticized for lack of teamwork. This nurse is improving which source of energy?
- A. Emotional
- B. Spiritual
- C. Physical
- D. Mental
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse is reflecting on her personal growth and finding meaning in her experiences, indicating a focus on values, purpose, and inner strength, which align with the spiritual source of energy. This choice is correct as it involves connecting with higher values and beliefs to find motivation and resilience. Emotional energy (choice A) focuses on feelings and expression, physical energy (choice C) relates to the body's vitality, and mental energy (choice D) pertains to cognitive abilities and focus. In this scenario, the nurse's focus is on introspection and personal growth rather than emotional, physical, or mental aspects, making choice B the most appropriate.