Nokea
Reading Disorder is a developmental disorder and is characterised by reading achievement (e.g. accuracy, speed and comprehension) being significantly below standards expected for which of the following
- A. Chronological age
- B. IQ
- C. Schooling experience.
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reading Disorder: A specific learning disability characterised by the accuracy, speed and comprehension of reading being significantly below standards expected for chronological age and IQ.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which of the following are behaviours that may be associated with adolescent depression?
- A. School refusal
- B. Social withdrawal
- C. Reduced self-care
- D. Maladaptive coping behaviours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: School refusal is a well-documented behavior associated with adolescent depression; the question implies a single correct answer, though B-D are also relevant.
A client with schizophrenia is medication compliant and has well-controlled symptoms. He has, however, never been successful in holding a job because of poor social skills and lack of understanding of basic job skills. The nurse case manager should consider referring the client:
- A. To a day hospital program
- B. For psychosocial rehabilitation
- C. For cognitive therapy
- D. To assertiveness training
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: For psychosocial rehabilitation. This option is the best choice as it focuses on improving the client's social skills and job-related abilities through structured programs. Psychosocial rehabilitation helps individuals with mental health conditions develop the necessary skills for successful integration into the community, including job skills training and social skill development. Referring the client to a day hospital program (A) may not address the specific needs related to job skills and social skills. Cognitive therapy (C) primarily focuses on addressing cognitive distortions and may not directly target the client's social and job-related deficits. Assertiveness training (D) may be helpful, but it may not address the broader range of skills needed for successful job placement and retention.
To plan effective interventions, the nurse should understand that the underlying reason a patient with paranoid personality disorder is so critical of others probably lies in the patient's:
- A. need to control all aspects of the world around him.
- B. use of intellectualization to protect against anxiety.
- C. inflexible view of the environment and the people in it.
- D. projection of blame for his own shortcomings onto others.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because paranoid personality disorder is characterized by distrust and suspicion of others, leading individuals to project their own negative traits onto others (projection). This defense mechanism helps them avoid accepting their own shortcomings. Option A is incorrect because the focus is on control, not blame. Option B is incorrect as intellectualization is a defense mechanism that involves avoiding emotions by focusing on rational aspects. Option C is incorrect as it refers to rigidity and not projection of blame. In summary, projection of blame onto others is the underlying reason for the critical behavior in paranoid personality disorder.
What is a key consideration when treating a patient with anorexia nervosa?
- A. Addressing the patient's weight first and foremost.
- B. Focusing on nutrition and caloric intake without addressing underlying issues.
- C. Addressing the psychological and emotional factors that contribute to the disorder.
- D. Providing strict dietary restrictions to help the patient regain control over food.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because addressing the psychological and emotional factors is crucial in treating anorexia nervosa. This disorder is not solely about weight or food intake; it often involves deeper psychological issues such as body image distortion, low self-esteem, and control issues. By focusing on the underlying psychological and emotional factors, therapists can help patients understand and cope with these issues, leading to more effective and sustainable recovery. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they overlook the complexity of anorexia nervosa and may even exacerbate the patient's condition by neglecting the root causes of the disorder.
A patient is noted to be bending over backward in the group room. A peer asks what he is doing, and he replies, 'People say they are bending over backwards to help me, so I am bending over backwards to help myself.' This is an example of:
- A. abstract thinking.
- B. concrete thinking.
- C. impaired reality testing.
- D. boundary impairment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: concrete thinking. Concrete thinking refers to interpreting things in a literal or straightforward manner without grasping abstract concepts or metaphors. In this scenario, the patient is taking the expression "bending over backward" literally, demonstrating a lack of understanding of its figurative meaning.
A: Abstract thinking involves understanding complex concepts and interpreting information beyond the literal meaning. The patient's response does not demonstrate abstract thinking.
C: Impaired reality testing refers to an inability to distinguish between what is real and what is not. The patient's response does not suggest a detachment from reality.
D: Boundary impairment involves difficulty in recognizing and maintaining personal boundaries. The patient's response does not relate to boundary issues.
In summary, the patient's literal interpretation of the expression "bending over backward" reflects concrete thinking, making choice B the correct answer.