Nokea
Recognised features of anorexia nervosa include:
- A. T-wave inversion on ECG
- B. Hypocholesterolaemia
- C. Peripheral oedema
- D. Sinus bradycardia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sinus bradycardia, a slower than normal heart rate, is a recognized feature of anorexia nervosa due to the body's adaptation to starvation.
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Decreased DLCO is seen with:
- A. Increased CO in circulation
- B. Anaemia
- C. Pulmonary fibrosis
- D. Exercise
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pulmonary fibrosis: Decreased diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) is a hallmark of pulmonary fibrosis, where lung tissue becomes scarred, reducing its ability to transfer gases.
In Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome:
- A. The abnormal pathway is between the atrial and ventricular myocardium
- B. Wide QRS complexes occur more frequently than narrow QRS
- C. Narrow QRS complexes are regular
- D. Verapamil is the treatment of choice for atrial fibrillation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, a wide QRS complex is often seen due to the presence of an accessory pathway that bypasses the normal conduction system.
Indications for an exchange transfusion include:
- A. ABO incompatibility
- B. Acute chest syndrome
- C. Sepsis
- D. Polycythaemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Exchange transfusion is indicated in conditions like ABO incompatibility to prevent severe hemolytic disease in newborns. Acute chest syndrome sepsis polycythaemia and sickle nephropathy are not typical indications for exchange transfusion.
What is the most likely congenital heart lesion in a newborn with Trisomy 21?
- A. AVSD
- B. Tetralogy of Fallot
- C. Ventricular septal defect
- D. Pulmonary stenosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) is highly associated with Trisomy 21 and is the most likely congenital heart lesion in these infants.
Recognised features of ABO incompatibility include:
- A. Normal haemoglobin on day 1
- B. Worsening with subsequent pregnancies
- C. Conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia
- D. Negative Coombs test
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In ABO incompatibility, haemoglobin levels are typically normal on day 1. The condition does not worsen with subsequent pregnancies and is associated with unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia.