Nokea
Regarding body iron stores:
- A. Serum ferritin is a poor guide to iron stores
- B. A healthy young man will have more iron stored as ferritin than in the circulating red cell mass
- C. Iron is the stimulant for ferritin production
- D. In iron deficiency, stores of haemosiderin are mobilised before ferritin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Iron is a key regulator for ferritin production, and as iron levels rise, ferritin synthesis is stimulated to store excess iron.
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Common causes of seizures in a neonate are:
- A. Hypocalcaemia
- B. Hypoglycaemia
- C. Pyridoxine deficiency
- D. Hydrocephalus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because hypoglycaemia is a common cause of neonatal seizures. The other options (a, c, d, e) are also causes but less common.
A 12-year-old child whose weight and body mass index (BMI) are in the 75th percentile has a diastolic blood pressure that is between the 95th and 99th percentiles for age, sex, and height on three separate occasions. Which test will be prescribed for this child initially?
- A. complete blood count
- B. erythrocyte sedimentation rate
- C. urinalysis and electrolytes
- D. renal function
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Since the majority of children with stage 1 or 2 hypertension have renal or renovascular causes for elevated BP, renal function and plasma renin tests should be performed.
The nurse is assessing a child with acute otitis media. Which finding should the nurse expect?
- A. Bilateral eye discharge and fever
- B. A bulging, red tympanic membrane
- C. Nasal congestion and headache
- D. Persistent cough and sore throat
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acute otitis media typically presents with a bulging, red tympanic membrane due to fluid accumulation and infection.
What is the most likely congenital heart lesion in a newborn with Trisomy 21?
- A. AVSD
- B. Tetralogy of Fallot
- C. Ventricular septal defect
- D. Pulmonary stenosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) is highly associated with Trisomy 21 and is the most likely congenital heart lesion in these infants.
All of the following are features of Behcet disease except
- A. Reduced T helper cell 1 activity
- B. Increased expression of HSP60
- C. Association with HLA-B51
- D. Vasculitis with fibrinoid necrosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Behcet disease is associated with increased T helper cell 1 activity