Nokea
Regarding malaria:
- A. Plasmodium ovale has an exoerythrocytic cycle
- B. Plasmodium malariae does not occur after 5 years of primary illness
- C. Chloroquine is useful for prophylaxis of falciparum malaria in all areas of the world
- D. Primaquine is used to eradicate falciparum malaria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Plasmodium ovale has both an exoerythrocytic (liver) and erythrocytic (blood) cycle, which is a characteristic of this species of malaria parasite.
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The parents of a child, age 6, who will begin school in the fall ask the nurse for anticipatory guidance. The nurse should explain that a child of this age:
- A. Still depends on the parents
- B. Rebels against scheduled activities
- C. Is highly sensitive to criticism
- D. Loves to tattle
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A 6-year-old child is typically highly sensitive to criticism as they are developing self-esteem and are influenced by feedback from adults and peers.
A male client who had abdominal surgery 5 days ago, and hospitalized because of a surgical wound infection, tells the nurse that he feels like his insides just spilled out when he coughed. What action should the nurse take first?
- A. Notify the healthcare provider
- B. Assure the client that such feelings occur with wound infections
- C. Visualize the abdominal incision
- D. Obtain sterile towels soaked in saline
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Visualizing the incision helps determine if dehiscence or evisceration has occurred, which requires immediate intervention.
What are FOUR possible differential diagnoses associated with aortopathy in a child, aside from Marfan’s?
- A. Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (vascular type IV)
- B. Bicuspid aortic valve
- C. Takayasu Arteritis
- D. Unrepaired coarctation of the aorta
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: These are potential differential diagnoses associated with aortopathy in children, aside from Marfan’s syndrome, which is a common condition linked to aortic dilation.
Features of severe folate deficiency include:
- A. Steatorrhoea
- B. Glossitis
- C. Leucoerythroblastic picture
- D. Increased total iron binding capacity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glossitis, or inflammation of the tongue, is a common feature of folate deficiency due to its role in cell division and growth.
The nurse is monitoring an infant with a congenital heart disease closely for signs of heart failure. Which early sign should the nurse be most concerned about?
- A. Pallor
- B. Cough
- C. Tachycardia
- D. Slow and shallow breathing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tachycardia is an early sign of heart failure in infants because the heart attempts to compensate for decreased cardiac output by increasing the heart rate.