Nokea
Regarding resuscitation of a three-year old with asystole:
- A. Hypoxia is the commonest cause
- B. It commonly leads to ventricular fibrillation
- C. Intracardiac adrenaline is an absolute indication
- D. IV calcium gluconate is the first line of therapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypoxia is the most common cause of asystole in children, emphasizing the importance of oxygenation during resuscitation.
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A client who is receiving chemotherapy is vomiting. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement first?
- A. Teach the client about the importance of hydration
- B. Report the volume of emesis to the healthcare provider
- C. Administer ondansetron hydrochloride (Zofran)
- D. Encourage the client to limit the amount of movement
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administering ondansetron (Zofran) will help relieve the vomiting and prevent dehydration, addressing the immediate concern.
The nurse is teaching a client with glomerulonephritis about self-care. Which dietary recommendations should the nurse encourage the client to follow?
- A. Increase intake of high-fiber foods, such as bran cereal
- B. Restrict protein intake by limiting meats and other high-protein foods
- C. Limit oral fluid intake to 500 ml per day
- D. Increase intake of potassium-rich foods such as bananas or cantaloupe
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reducing protein intake helps decrease the workload on the kidneys, which is beneficial in glomerulonephritis.
Congenital complete heart block
- A. Corrected TGA
- B. SLE mother's child
- C. Plonged QT
- D. MgSO4 therapy to mother
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Congenital complete heart block is often associated with mothers who have systemic lupus erythematosus.
Appropriate investigations in the emergency management of a 4-year-old presenting in a coma:
- A. Serum magnesium level
- B. Throat swabs
- C. Arterial blood gas
- D. CT scan
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Arterial blood gas analysis is crucial in the emergency management of a comatose child to assess oxygenation, ventilation, and acid-base status.
What does the nurse need to assess first when caring for a child with a suspected myocardial infarction?
- A. Blood pressure and heart rate
- B. Chest pain and anxiety levels
- C. Oxygen saturation and respiratory rate
- D. Electrocardiogram and heart sounds
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The first priority in a suspected myocardial infarction is to assess the heart's electrical activity using an electrocardiogram and listen to heart sounds for any abnormality such as murmurs.