Nokea
Regarding the gross motor skills, a 2-year-old child can
- A. heel-toe walk
- B. balance on each foot 6 sec
- C. walk up and down stairs
- D. balance well on each foot
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A 2-year-old typically can walk up and down stairs with support.
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Which laboratory results (besides hematuria) are most consistent with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)?
- A. Massive proteinuria, elevated BUN and creatinine.
- B. Mild proteinuria, decreased BUN and creatinine.
- C. Mild proteinuria, increased BUN and creatinine.
- D. Massive proteinuria, decreased BUN and creatinine.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: HUS typically presents with mild proteinuria along with increased BUN and creatinine, reflecting impaired renal function.
What is the earliest age at which a satisfactory radial pulse can be taken in children?
- A. 1 year
- B. 2 years
- C. 3 years
- D. 6 years
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A satisfactory radial pulse can be taken in children as young as 1 year old. The radial pulse is commonly checked in the wrist and is a valuable indicator of cardiac function. Children as young as 1 year old can have a palpable radial pulse, allowing healthcare providers to assess their heart rate and rhythm. It is important to be gentle when palpating a pulse in young children to avoid causing discomfort or distress.
As the nurse collects data on a patient, which of the following is a symptom that may be found that the patient with anaphylaxis may be experiencing?
- A. Dermatitis
- B. Sinusitis
- C. Delirium
- D. Wheezing
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Wheezing is a common symptom of anaphylaxis, along with other signs such as difficulty breathing, chest tightness, coughing, and throat swelling. Wheezing is caused by the constriction of the airways due to the body's extreme immune response to the allergen, leading to difficulty in breathing and wheezing sounds during respiration. It is important for healthcare professionals to recognize wheezing as a symptom of anaphylaxis and respond promptly with appropriate interventions, such as administering epinephrine and providing respiratory support.
During a routine examination of a 10-mo-old male infant, you find a white pupillary reflex of the right eye; the eye movements are normal. You suspect retinoblastoma. Of the following, the BEST confirmatory diagnostic evaluation of this infant is
- A. indirect ophthalmoscopy with slit-lamp examination
- B. examination under general anesthesia by an experienced ophthalmologist
- C. orbital ultrasonography
- D. brain MRI
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Examination under anesthesia by an experienced ophthalmologist is the gold standard for diagnosing retinoblastoma.
The most likely cause of her chief complaint this morning is
- A. A decrease in postoperative stress causing poiyuria
- B. The onset of diabetes mellitus, an unusual complication
- C. An expected result of the removal of the pituitary gland
- D. A frequent complication of the hypophysectomy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most likely cause of her chief complaint this morning is a frequent complication of the hypophysectomy. A hypophysectomy is the surgical removal of the pituitary gland. One common complication following a hypophysectomy is diabetes insipidus, characterized by polyuria (excessive urination) and polydipsia (excessive thirst). This occurs because the removal of the pituitary gland can disrupt the regulation of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which plays a key role in maintaining water balance in the body. Therefore, it is the most likely cause of the patient's chief complaint of polyuria this morning.