Nokea
Repaglinide belongs to the class
- A. Sulphonylureas
- B. Thiazolidinediones
- C. Benzoic acid derivatives
- D. Biguanides
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Repaglinide's benzoic acid kin short, sharp insulin jolts, not sulphonylureas' long haul, thiazolidinediones' sensitivity boost, or biguanides' glucose clamp. It's a mealtime spike buster, a chronic tool pharmacists slot apart from sulphonylurea's sustained push, a nuanced diabetes dance.
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A new nurse has been assigned a client who is in the hospital to receive iodine-131 treatment. Which action by the nurse is best?
- A. Ensure the client is placed in protective isolation.
- B. Hand off a pregnant client to another nurse.
- C. No special action is necessary to care for this client.
- D. Read the policy on handling radioactive excreta.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Iodine-131 is a radioactive isotope used in treatments like thyroid cancer therapy, and it is excreted through body fluids such as urine and sweat. This poses a radiation hazard to healthcare workers and others if not managed properly. The best action for a new nurse is to read the facility's policy on handling radioactive excreta, as this ensures adherence to safety protocols specific to the institution, protecting both the nurse and the client. Protective isolation is not typically required for iodine-131 patients; instead, radiation precautions limit exposure to others. Handing off a pregnant client might be relevant in other contexts but isn't the priority here unless the nurse is pregnant herself, which isn't specified. Assuming no special action is needed is dangerous given the radioactive nature of the treatment. Reviewing the policy equips the nurse with the knowledge to manage waste, maintain a safe distance, and use protective equipment, aligning with radiation safety principles critical in oncology nursing.
Epigenetic changes play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Question: Which of the following statements about epigenetics is correct?
- A. Epigenetic modifications lead to mutations in DNA
- B. Mutations in DNA lead to epigenetic modifications
- C. Epigenetic modifications only take place at a young age
- D. None of the statements provided above is correct
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Epigenetics tweaks gene dials no mutations, not from mutations, not age-locked. Diet, stress flip switches anytime, a chronic type 2 player nurses note this, no false leads fit.
Which of the following management activities is not part of the nursing care of a patient with COPD?
- A. Achieving airway clearance and improving breathing patterns
- B. Ensuring the patient stays in bed and does not exert themselves causing increased dyspnoea
- C. Improving activity tolerance and assisting with lifestyle modification
- D. Monitoring and managing potential complications
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: COPD nursing pushes clearance, tolerance, and complication watch active goals. Bedrest flops deconditions, worsens breathlessness, a chronic care no-no nurses dodge.
Which of the following condition has low risk of progression to liver cirrhosis:
- A. Hepatic steatosis
- B. Hepatic steatohepatitis
- C. Hepatic steatohepatitis with fibrosis
- D. Chronic hepatitis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Steatosis fat sits, low cirrhosis odds; steatohepatitis, fibrosis, chronic, booze burn scar. Nurses mark this chronic liver lite.
A nurse works with clients who have alopecia from chemotherapy. What action by the nurse takes priority?
- A. Helping clients adjust to their appearance
- B. Reassuring clients that this change is temporary
- C. Referring clients to a reputable wig shop
- D. Teaching measures to prevent scalp injury
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Alopecia, or hair loss, is a common chemotherapy side effect due to drugs targeting rapidly dividing cells, including hair follicles. While emotional support is vital, the priority is client safety. Teaching measures to prevent scalp injury such as avoiding harsh brushing or sun exposure takes precedence because the scalp becomes vulnerable without hair's protective barrier, risking cuts, infections, or burns. Helping clients adjust to appearance and reassuring them about regrowth address psychosocial needs but don't mitigate physical risk. Referring to a wig shop is practical but secondary to safety. In oncology nursing, prioritizing physical protection aligns with the hierarchy of needs, ensuring the client avoids complications like infection, especially if immunocompromised, before addressing emotional impacts.