Nokea
Respiration involves one of the following sets of processes
- A. Inspiration, exchange of gases, Expiration
- B. Aspiration, Inspiration, Expiration
- C. External, Internal and Expiration
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it accurately describes the processes involved in respiration. Inspiration is the intake of oxygen, exchange of gases occurs in the lungs where oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is released, and expiration is the process of exhaling carbon dioxide.
Option B is incorrect because aspiration refers to the act of inhaling foreign objects or substances, not a part of normal respiration. Option C is incorrect because it does not accurately describe the sequence of processes in respiration. Option D is incorrect as the processes listed in option A are indeed involved in respiration.
You may also like to solve these questions
A nurse performs an admission assessment on a client with a diagnosis of tuberculosis. The nurse reviews the results of which diagnostic test that will confirm this diagnosis?
- A. Bronchoscopy.
- B. Sputum culture.
- C. Chest x-ray.
- D. Tuberculin skin test.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sputum culture. This test confirms the diagnosis of tuberculosis by identifying the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the sputum sample. It is the gold standard for diagnosing active tuberculosis. Bronchoscopy (A) is invasive and used to visualize the airways, not for confirming TB diagnosis. Chest x-ray (C) may show characteristic findings of TB, but it does not confirm the diagnosis. Tuberculin skin test (D) only indicates exposure to TB bacteria, not active infection.
A 10 percent increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the blood will
- A. decrease the rate of breathing
- B. double the respiratory rate
- C. decrease pulmonary ventilation
- D. decrease the alveolar ventilation rate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A 10% increase in CO2 levels triggers chemoreceptors to signal the brainstem, increasing the respiratory rate to eliminate excess CO2. This is known as hypercapnia-induced hyperventilation. Option A is incorrect because an increase in CO2 levels would not decrease the rate of breathing. Option C is incorrect because an increase in CO2 would actually stimulate an increase in pulmonary ventilation to remove the excess CO2. Option D is incorrect because alveolar ventilation (gas exchange in the lungs) would increase, not decrease, to maintain proper oxygen and CO2 levels in the body.
A patient reports sudden difficulty breathing with tachypnea and tachycardia and localized chest pain. The physician suspects a pulmonary embolism. What test would you expect the physician to order?
- A. Helical CT scan.
- B. EKG.
- C. ECC.
- D. Vital capacity.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. A helical CT scan is the most appropriate test to diagnose pulmonary embolism due to its high sensitivity and specificity. EKG (B) and ECC (C) assess cardiac function but do not confirm PE. Vital capacity (D) measures lung function, which is irrelevant here.
Following a motor vehicle accident, the nurse assesses the driver for which distinctive sign of flail chest?
- A. Severe hypotension
- B. Chest pain over ribs
- C. Absence of breath sounds
- D. Paradoxical chest movement
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Flail chest is characterized by paradoxical chest movement, where a segment of the chest wall moves in the opposite direction during breathing. This can lead to respiratory compromise and requires careful monitoring and management.
The nurse is caring for a patient who has a pleural effusion and who underwent a thoracoscopic procedure earlier in the morning. The nurse should prioritize assessment for which of the following?
- A. Sputum production
- B. Shortness of breath
- C. Throat discomfort
- D. Epistaxis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Shortness of breath. Following a thoracoscopic procedure for a pleural effusion, shortness of breath is a priority assessment as it could indicate complications such as pneumothorax or respiratory distress. Sputum production (A) may be important but is secondary to respiratory distress. Throat discomfort (C) and epistaxis (D) are not directly related to the procedure or potential complications and would not be the priority assessment in this scenario.