Nokea
Retreat from reality by hallucinations and delusions and by social withdrawal typically characterizes
- A. somatoform disorders
- B. anxiety disorders
- C. psychotic disorders
- D. personality disorders
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Psychotic disorders, like schizophrenia, involve hallucinations, delusions, and withdrawal, distinguishing them from other categories.
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While the nurse at the personality disorders clinic is interviewing a patient, the patient constantly scans the environment and frequently interrupts to ask what the nurse means by certain words or phrases. The nurse notes that the patient is very sensitive to the nurse's nonverbal behavior. His responses are often argumentative, sarcastic, and hostile. He suggests that he is being hospitalized 'so they can exploit me.' The patient's behaviors are most consistent with the clinical picture of:
- A. paranoid personality disorder.
- B. histrionic personality disorder.
- C. avoidant personality disorder.
- D. narcissistic personality disorder.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: paranoid personality disorder. The patient's behaviors align with the diagnostic criteria for paranoid personality disorder, characterized by suspicion, distrust, sensitivity to criticism, and interpreting benign interactions as threatening. The patient's constant scanning of the environment, interrupting to clarify meanings, being sensitive to nonverbal cues, and displaying argumentative and hostile responses are all indicative of paranoid traits. Additionally, the belief that hospitalization is for exploitation is consistent with paranoid beliefs.
Choices B, C, and D can be ruled out:
B: Histrionic personality disorder is characterized by attention-seeking behavior, emotional instability, and dramatic expression. The patient's behaviors are not suggestive of seeking attention or being overly dramatic.
C: Avoidant personality disorder is marked by social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation. The patient's behaviors are more indicative of suspiciousness rather than avoidance.
D: Narcissistic personality disorder involves grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of
What is the most appropriate intervention for a patient with bulimia nervosa who is refusing to eat?
- A. Encourage the patient to eat small, frequent meals without pressure.
- B. Force the patient to eat larger meals to prevent further weight loss.
- C. Allow the patient to skip meals to avoid feeling overwhelmed.
- D. Focus only on addressing the patient's mental health concerns, not eating habits.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because encouraging the patient to eat small, frequent meals without pressure promotes a balanced approach to eating. This intervention helps to establish a regular eating pattern and prevents episodes of binge-eating. It also respects the patient's autonomy and can help build trust between the patient and healthcare provider.
Choice B is incorrect because forcing the patient to eat larger meals can lead to increased anxiety and resistance, worsening the eating disorder. Choice C is incorrect as allowing the patient to skip meals can perpetuate unhealthy behaviors and reinforce the cycle of restriction and bingeing. Choice D is incorrect because neglecting the patient's eating habits can overlook a crucial aspect of their overall well-being and exacerbate the eating disorder.
Which regions have the lowest rates of death due to poor air quality?
- A. The United States
- B. Greenland
- C. Eastern Europe (Poland, Slovakia, the Czech Republic)
- D. India
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Greenland, with its sparse population and minimal industry, has low air pollution-related deaths.
A nurse and social worker co-lead a reminiscence group for eight young-old adults. Which activity is most appropriate to include in the group?
- A. Mild aerobic exercise
- B. Singing a song from World War II
- C. Discussing national leadership during the Vietnam War
- D. Identifying the most troubling story in todays newspaper
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Young-old adults (65-75 years) were attuned to conflicts during the Vietnam War. Discussing national leadership from that time (C) suits reminiscence therapy for this age group. Other options (A, B, D) are less relevant.
The nurse is working with a patient diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. Which assessment is most important?
- A. Monitor electrolyte levels and cardiac function.
- B. Observe for compulsive eating behaviors.
- C. Track the patient's ability to self-regulate food intake.
- D. Assess for symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because patients with bulimia nervosa are at risk for electrolyte imbalances and cardiac issues due to purging behaviors. Monitoring electrolyte levels and cardiac function is crucial for early detection and intervention. Option B is incorrect as it focuses on behaviors rather than potential medical complications. Option C is less critical than monitoring electrolytes and cardiac function. Option D, although important, is not as immediately critical as monitoring electrolyte levels and cardiac function in this context.