Nokea
Roger has suffered a major brain injury. As a result, he is unable to speak fluently, tends to mispronounce words, and speaks haltingly. For instance, he says 'wat' instead of 'watch' and 'tot' instead of 'talk.' What is the diagnosis?
- A. Agnosia
- B. Spatial neglect
- C. Broca's aphasia
- D. Prosopagnosia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct diagnosis for Roger's condition is Broca's aphasia. Broca's aphasia is characterized by difficulty in speaking fluently and accurately, often due to brain injury. In this case, Roger's symptoms of being unable to speak fluently, mispronouncing words, and speaking haltingly align with the characteristics of Broca's aphasia. Agnosia refers to the inability to recognize or interpret sensory information, spatial neglect is the lack of awareness of one side of the body or space, and prosopagnosia is the inability to recognize faces, none of which match Roger's symptoms.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which of the following is true about subjective distress?
- A. All individuals with mental illness experience some degree of distress
- B. Distress is the only criterion in diagnosing abnormality
- C. Its presence is enough for a clinician to determine if someone has a mental illness
- D. Some individuals with a mental disorder may not experience subjective distress
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Subjective distress is not universal among individuals with a mental disorder. Choice A is incorrect as not all individuals with mental illness experience distress. Choice B is incorrect because distress is just one of the criteria used in diagnosing abnormality, not the only one. Choice C is incorrect because the presence of subjective distress alone is not sufficient for a clinician to determine if someone has a mental illness.
Alison believes that individuals learn to be either aggressive or nonaggressive as a result of the experiences they have. Alison's views are most consistent with which view in psychology?
- A. Behaviorist view of psychology.
- B. Structuralist view of psychology.
- C. Functionalist view of psychology.
- D. Psychoanalytic view of psychology.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alison's belief that individuals learn to be either aggressive or nonaggressive as a result of their experiences aligns with the Behaviorist view of psychology. Behaviorism focuses on how behavior is learned through interactions with the environment, emphasizing the role of experience in shaping behavior. The other options are not directly related to the idea that behavior is learned through experiences: Structuralism focuses on the structure of conscious experience, Functionalism emphasizes the purpose of behavior, and Psychoanalytic theory focuses on the role of unconscious processes.
What would a humanist most likely say about Manny's passivity?
- A. Manny will find it difficult to change because he probably has deep-seated feelings of inferiority.
- B. Manny can become more assertive once he begins to feel better about himself and recognizes that he has the ability to fulfill his potential.
- C. Manny simply needs to take an assertiveness training class in which he can learn and practice assertive behaviors.
- D. Manny should undergo analysis so that he can begin to resolve whatever unconscious conflict is at the root of his passivity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Humanists believe in the inherent goodness and potential of individuals. They would most likely say that Manny can become more assertive by improving his self-esteem and recognizing his abilities. Choice A is incorrect because humanists focus on self-actualization rather than deep-seated feelings of inferiority. Choice C is incorrect as it oversimplifies the issue by suggesting a training class can solve the problem without addressing underlying beliefs. Choice D is incorrect as it suggests a psychoanalytic approach, while humanists usually emphasize personal growth and self-improvement.
John Watson argued that psychologists should?
- A. Use the method of introspection to establish the structural aspects of consciousness.
- B. Be concerned with the purposiveness (function) of behavior.
- C. Confine their work to people who are diagnosed as mentally ill.
- D. Abandon the study of consciousness.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: John Watson was a key figure in the development of behaviorism, which advocated for focusing on observable behavior rather than the study of consciousness. Choice D is the correct answer because Watson believed that psychology should abandon the study of consciousness. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because Watson's approach emphasized behavior and rejected the importance of consciousness, introspection, or confining psychology to only mentally ill individuals.
Who proposed that the study of consciousness should be replaced by the study of behavior?
- A. John Watson
- B. Abraham Maslow
- C. G. Stanley Hall
- D. Sigmund Freud
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is John Watson. Watson, a key figure in behaviorism, believed that psychology should focus on observable behavior rather than consciousness. Abraham Maslow is known for his hierarchy of needs theory and humanistic psychology, not for advocating the study of behavior over consciousness. G. Stanley Hall was a pioneer in psychology but did not propose replacing the study of consciousness with behavior. Sigmund Freud, a prominent figure in psychoanalysis, focused on the unconscious mind rather than behavior.