Pharmacology of Drugs Acting on Cardiovascular System Slideshare

Pharmacology of Drugs Acting on Cardiovascular System Slideshare Related

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Select an anorexigenic agent affecting serotoninergic system:

  • A. Fenfluramine
  • B. Fepranone
  • C. Desopimone
  • D. Masindole
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fenfluramine. Fenfluramine is an anorexigenic agent that affects the serotoninergic system by increasing serotonin levels, leading to appetite suppression. It works by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, thereby increasing its availability in the brain. This mechanism helps in reducing food intake and promoting weight loss.
Other choices - B: Fepranone, C: Desopimone, and D: Masindole - do not directly affect the serotoninergic system and are not known for their anorexigenic effects. Fepranone is a beta-adrenergic agonist, Desopimone is a dopamine reuptake inhibitor, and Masindole is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. These mechanisms are not primarily associated with appetite suppression or weight loss.

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Class of OKT-3 is:

  • A. Immunosuppressive agents
  • B. Monoclonal antibodies
  • C. Interferons
  • D. Immunoglobulins
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The class of OKT-3 is monoclonal antibodies. OKT-3 is a specific monoclonal antibody used for immunosuppression in organ transplant recipients. Monoclonal antibodies are designed to target specific antigens or proteins in the body. Other choices are incorrect as interferons are cytokines, immunoglobulins are antibodies produced by plasma cells, and immunosuppressive agents are a broad category that includes various drugs targeting the immune system.

Tick the antimycobacterial drug belonging to antibiotics:

  • A. Isoniazid
  • B. PAS
  • C. Ethambutol
  • D. Rifampin
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Rifampin. Rifampin is an antimycobacterial drug that is commonly used to treat tuberculosis and other mycobacterial infections. It works by inhibiting the RNA polymerase enzyme in mycobacteria, leading to the suppression of bacterial growth. Isoniazid (Choice A) is also used for tuberculosis treatment, but it is not classified as an antibiotic. PAS (Choice B) is an antimycobacterial drug but is not an antibiotic. Ethambutol (Choice C) is also used to treat tuberculosis, but it works by inhibiting cell wall synthesis rather than RNA polymerase. Therefore, the correct choice is Rifampin as it directly targets the mycobacterial RNA polymerase enzyme, making it an effective antibiotic for treating mycobacterial infections.

Which of the following agents is related to tricyclic antidepressants?

  • A. Nefazodon
  • B. Amitriptyline
  • C. Fluoxetine
  • D. Isocarboxazid
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Amitriptyline. Tricyclic antidepressants, like Amitriptyline, have a tricyclic chemical structure. They work by affecting neurotransmitters in the brain. Nefazodone (A) is a serotonin modulator, Fluoxetine (C) is an SSRI, and Isocarboxazid (D) is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, not related to tricyclic antidepressants.

Currently used dopamine agonists decreasing pituitary prolactin secretion are following:

  • A. Bromocriptine
  • B. Cabergoline
  • C. Pergolide
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because all three dopamine agonists, Bromocriptine, Cabergoline, and Pergolide, are known to decrease pituitary prolactin secretion. Dopamine inhibits prolactin release from the pituitary gland, and these agonists mimic dopamine's action. Therefore, all three choices are correct.

Summary:
A: Bromocriptine - Decreases pituitary prolactin secretion.
B: Cabergoline - Decreases pituitary prolactin secretion.
C: Pergolide - Decreases pituitary prolactin secretion.

All choices are correct as they are dopamine agonists that decrease pituitary prolactin secretion.

A patient is taking hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg/day and digoxin 0.25 mg/day. The nurse plans to monitor the patient for which potential electrolyte imbalance?

  • A. Hypocalcemia
  • B. Hypokalemia
  • C. Hyperkalemia
  • D. Hypermagnesemia
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypokalemia. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that can lead to potassium loss, increasing the risk of hypokalemia. Digoxin toxicity is more likely to occur in the presence of hypokalemia. Hypocalcemia (A) is not directly related to these medications. Hyperkalemia (C) and hypermagnesemia (D) are unlikely with hydrochlorothiazide and digoxin use.