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Select the central concept around which a family education plan for preventing childhood eating problems is constructed:
- A. Promoting self-demand feeding for the child.
- B. Distinguishing between physical and psychological hunger.
- C. Scheduling meals because children do not recognize physical hunger.
- D. Parental expectations of ideal intake as determinants of healthy eating habits.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Promoting self-demand feeding for the child. This approach encourages the child to listen to their own hunger cues and regulate their food intake accordingly, promoting a healthy relationship with food. It empowers the child to develop autonomy and self-awareness around eating habits.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
B: While distinguishing between physical and psychological hunger is important, it is not the central concept for preventing childhood eating problems.
C: Scheduling meals may not align with the child's natural hunger cues and can potentially lead to disordered eating patterns.
D: Parental expectations can create pressure around eating, potentially leading to negative relationships with food.
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A client has been admitted with disorganized type schizophrenia. The nurse observes blunted affect and social isolation. The client occasionally curses or calls another client a 'jerk' without provocation. The nurse asks the client how he is feeling, and he responds, 'Everybody picks on me. They frobitz me.' The best response for the nurse to make would be:
- A. That's really too bad.'
- B. Who do you mean when you say 'everybody'?'
- C. What difference does frobitzing make?'
- D. Why do they frobitz?'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Who do you mean when you say 'everybody'?" This response is the best because it acknowledges the client's feelings and seeks clarification. By asking for specifics, the nurse can gain a better understanding of the client's perceptions and experiences, which can help in providing appropriate care and support.
Choice A: "That's really too bad." This response lacks empathy and does not address the client's concerns directly.
Choice C: "What difference does frobitzing make?" This response is dismissive and does not focus on the client's feelings or experiences.
Choice D: "Why do they frobitz?" This response is confrontational and may make the client feel defensive, hindering effective communication and rapport-building.
For those family members who desire to care at home for loved ones who have been given a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, it is important for the nurse to ensure that the family is aware of which caregiver skills and responsibilities will be necessary. What is one of the responsibilities of the caregiver during the middle stage of the disease?
- A. Helping the loved one with memory and communication problems.
- B. Providing a stable, routine environment.
- C. Providing complete assistance with physical care.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale:
1. During the middle stage of Alzheimer's disease, individuals often experience memory and communication problems.
2. Caregivers need to assist with memory tasks and facilitate effective communication.
3. Helping the loved one with memory and communication problems is crucial for their well-being and quality of life.
4. This responsibility helps maintain a sense of connection and understanding between the caregiver and the individual with Alzheimer's.
Summary:
- Option A is correct as it aligns with the specific needs of individuals in the middle stage of Alzheimer's.
- Option B is incorrect as providing a stable, routine environment is more relevant in the early stages.
- Option C is incorrect as complete assistance with physical care is more common in the later stages.
- Option D is incorrect as caregiver responsibilities are essential in all stages of the disease.
An appropriate outcome for a patient with a personality disorder and a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective coping as evidenced by use of manipulation would be that the patient will:
- A. refrain from manipulative behavior at all times
- B. use manipulation only to get legitimate needs met
- C. acknowledge manipulative behavior when it is pointed out
- D. identify when he is experiencing feelings of anger
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct as it focuses on the patient acknowledging manipulative behavior when pointed out. This is important for growth and self-awareness in handling emotions and behaviors effectively. Choices A and B are extreme and unrealistic expectations, as complete cessation or selective use of manipulation may not be achievable. Choice D is irrelevant to the nursing diagnosis and does not address the core issue of ineffective coping through manipulation.
A nurse wants to assess for suicidal ideation in an elderly patient. Select the best question to begin this assessment.
- A. Are there any things going on in your life that would cause you to consider suicide?'
- B. What are your beliefs about a persons right to take his or her own life?'
- C. Do you think you are vulnerable to developing a depressed mood?'
- D. If you felt suicidal, would you tell someone about your feelings?'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This question is clear, direct, and respectful. It will produce information relative to the acceptability of suicide as an option to the patient. If the patient deems suicide unacceptable, no further assessment is necessary. If the patient deems suicide as acceptable, the nurse can continue to assess intent, plan, means to carry out the plan, lethality of the chosen method, and so forth. The other options are less direct, may produce responses that may be unclear, or are appropriate for later in this discussion.
A community mental health nurse receives a new client for his caseload. The diagnosis of the client is residual schizophrenia. Documentation states that the client has a number of negative symptoms. Which symptom would the nurse expect to assess in the client?
- A. Bizarre, somatic delusions
- B. Disorganized speech pattern
- C. Catatonic posturing
- D. Emotional blunting
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Emotional blunting. In residual schizophrenia, negative symptoms are prominent, including emotional blunting which refers to a reduced ability to express emotions. This is commonly seen in clients with residual schizophrenia.
Explanation of why other choices are incorrect:
A: Bizarre, somatic delusions are characteristic of paranoid schizophrenia, not residual schizophrenia.
B: Disorganized speech pattern is a symptom of disorganized schizophrenia, not residual schizophrenia.
C: Catatonic posturing is associated with catatonic schizophrenia, not residual schizophrenia.