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Select the central concept around which a family education plan for preventing childhood eating problems is constructed:
- A. Promoting self-demand feeding for the child.
- B. Distinguishing between physical and psychological hunger.
- C. Scheduling meals because children do not recognize physical hunger.
- D. Parental expectations of ideal intake as determinants of healthy eating habits.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Promoting self-demand feeding for the child. This approach encourages the child to listen to their own hunger cues and regulate their food intake accordingly, promoting a healthy relationship with food. It empowers the child to develop autonomy and self-awareness around eating habits.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
B: While distinguishing between physical and psychological hunger is important, it is not the central concept for preventing childhood eating problems.
C: Scheduling meals may not align with the child's natural hunger cues and can potentially lead to disordered eating patterns.
D: Parental expectations can create pressure around eating, potentially leading to negative relationships with food.
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A common nursing diagnosis for a patient with antisocial personality disorder is:
- A. chronic low self-esteem, related to poor self-image and excessive fear of failure
- B. disturbed thought processes, related to sensory-perceptual alterations
- C. impaired social interaction, related to manipulative behaviors
- D. social isolation, related to anxiety in social situations
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Impaired social interaction due to manipulation reflects the interpersonal challenges of antisocial personality disorder.
The average time that a person with Alzheimer's disease lives after diagnosis is:
- A. 2 years
- B. 8 years
- C. 10 years
- D. 20 years
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 8 years. Alzheimer's disease typically progresses slowly, with individuals living an average of 8 years after diagnosis. This is due to the degenerative nature of the disease, leading to gradual decline in cognitive function. Choice A (2 years) is too short for Alzheimer's progression. Choice C (10 years) is close but slightly overestimates the average. Choice D (20 years) is too long, as Alzheimer's typically does not allow for such a long survival time post-diagnosis. Therefore, B is the most accurate option based on the typical progression and outcomes of Alzheimer's disease.
A client with moderate to severe dementia does not remember her son's name. The son repeatedly questions the mother when he visits the dementia facility, asking, 'Do you know my name?' The mother invariably becomes agitated. The nurse can most effectively intervene by explaining to the son:
- A. Your mother is angry with you and is punishing you by 'forgetting' who you are. Be patient and she'll get over it.'
- B. I know it is difficult for you, but your mother's dementia is severe and she cannot retain information even for short periods of time. She senses your distress and becomes agitated.'
- C. Although it's a strain for you, you will need to reorient your mother as often as you can, during the time you are with her. With repetition, she may be able to understand and recall what you are saying.'
- D. Because you become so distressed, it might be better if you come to see your mother only once a week and stay for only a short time.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale:
1. Correct Answer (B): Explains the son's mother's inability to retain information due to severe dementia, causing agitation. Validates son's feelings and provides insight into the mother's behavior.
2. Incorrect Answer (A): Falsely suggests the mother is punishing the son by forgetting, potentially causing misunderstanding and blame.
3. Incorrect Answer (C): Implies the son should solely focus on reorienting the mother, overlooking the emotional impact and distress caused by repetitive questioning.
4. Incorrect Answer (D): Suggests limiting visits based on the son's distress, rather than addressing the root cause of agitation caused by the mother's dementia.
A frequent finding in clients with Paraphiliac sexual disorders is that they have:
- A. Other covert or overt emotional
- B. Gonadal and pituitary hormone deficiencies
- C. An inadequate physical development of the sex organs
- D. A poor adjustment due to association with society's fringe groups
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clients with paraphilic disorders often have coexisting emotional disorders, which may contribute to or result from their condition.
A nurse assesses an elderly patient. The nurse should complete the Geriatric Depression Scale if the patient answers which question affirmatively.
- A. Would you say your mood is often sad?
- B. Are you having any trouble with your memory?
- C. Have you noticed an increase in your alcohol use?
- D. Do you often experience moderate to severe pain?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because assessing the patient's mood is crucial in detecting depression in the elderly. Depression is common in older adults and can often go undiagnosed. By asking about their mood, the nurse can identify potential signs of depression early on. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly relate to assessing depression. Memory issues (B) may indicate cognitive decline, increased alcohol use (C) could suggest substance abuse, and pain (D) may signal physical health concerns, but they are not specific indicators of depression in the elderly.