Nokea
Select the nursing theorist who is accurately paired with the theory or model of nursing that they are credited with.
- A. The Twelve Nursing Problems: Faye Glenn Abdullah
- B. The Nature of Nursing: Imogene King
- C. The Goal Attainment Theory: Virginia Henderson
- D. The Interpersonal Relations Model: Hildegard Peplau
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Hildegard Peplau is credited with the Interpersonal Relations Model in nursing. Faye Glenn Abdullah is associated with the Developmental Theory of Nursing. Imogene King developed the Theory of Goal Attainment. Virginia Henderson is known for the Definition of Nursing. Therefore, among the given options, only Hildegard Peplau is correctly paired with the Interpersonal Relations Model.
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Which anatomic malformations are associated with Tetralogy of Fallot?
- A. A sub-aortic septal defect, an overriding aorta, left ventricular hypertrophy, and right ventricular outflow
- B. A sub-aortic septal defect, an overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy, and left ventricular outflow
- C. A sub-aortic septal defect, an overriding aorta, pulmonary atresia, and right ventricular outflow
- D. A sub-aortic septal defect, an overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy, and right ventricular outflow
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tetralogy of Fallot is characterized by a combination of four heart defects: a sub-aortic septal defect, an overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy, and right ventricular outflow obstruction. This leads to mixing of oxygen-poor and oxygen-rich blood, resulting in cyanosis. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the specific combination of anatomic malformations seen in Tetralogy of Fallot.
A client with a tumor refuses surgery, but the client's partner wants it. Which is the deciding factor in determining if the surgery will be done?
- A. Whether the partner is the client's durable power of attorney for healthcare
- B. Whether the client understands the risk of refusing the procedure
- C. Whether the client's refusal is based on religious belief
- D. Whether the facility's ethical committee reaches a consensus on the case
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the client's understanding of the risks involved in refusing the surgery is crucial in determining the course of action. In this scenario, the client's autonomy and decision-making capacity take precedence. Choice A is not directly relevant to the decision-making process regarding surgery. Choice C, religious beliefs, may influence the decision but should not be the determining factor in this case. Choice D involving the facility's ethical committee is not typically involved in individual patient care decisions.
Which of the following is a benefit of the U.S. health-care system?
- A. With cost savings from technology, more Americans now have health-care insurance.
- B. Quality of care has improved in the United States.
- C. Care in the United States has shifted to a prevention focus rather than an illness focus.
- D. The use of technology is projected to decrease health-care costs and improve clinical outcomes.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the use of technology and electronic health records is projected to decrease health-care costs and improve clinical outcomes, quality, and safety. Choice A is incorrect because it states that very few Americans have no health-care insurance, which is not a benefit of the U.S. health-care system. Choice B may be true, but it does not directly address a benefit of the health-care system. Choice C is not necessarily a benefit but rather a shift in focus, so it is also incorrect.
Which of the following is the best way to improve nursing's image?
- A. Uniforms should reflect your professionalism.
- B. Introduce yourself with your full name.
- C. Understand the essence of professional behavior in your practice.
- D. Take every opportunity to speak to the public about nursing.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because taking every chance to engage with the public about nursing allows for the improvement of nursing's image and the promotion of the profession. Choice A is incorrect as uniforms should reflect professionalism rather than personality. Choice B is not directly related to improving nursing's image. Choice C, while important, does not directly address improving the image of nursing through public engagement.
A nurse is assisting with the orientation of a newly licensed nurse. The newly licensed nurse is having trouble focusing and has difficulty completing care for his assigned clients. Which of the following interventions is appropriate?
- A. Offer to provide care for his clients while he takes a break
- B. Advise him to complete less time-consuming tasks first
- C. Ask other staff members to take over some of his tasks
- D. Recommend that he take time to plan at the beginning of his shift
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct intervention is to recommend that the new nurse takes time to plan at the beginning of his shift. Planning ahead can help improve time management and focus. Option A is not ideal as it does not address the root cause of the issue and may not promote independence. Option B may not be effective if the nurse is struggling with time management in general. Option C involves shifting responsibilities to others without addressing the new nurse's need for improvement in managing his workload, which should be the priority.