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A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. To focus on affective learning with this client, which of the following interventions should the nurse use?
- A. Ask the client to perform a return demonstration of insulin injection.
- B. Review the action of insulin therapy.
- C. Explore the client's feelings about dietary modifications.
- D. Have a family member practice blood glucose monitoring using a glucometer.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because exploring the client's feelings about dietary modifications focuses on the affective domain of learning, which involves emotions, attitudes, and values. By understanding the client's feelings, the nurse can address any concerns, fears, or resistance the client may have towards changing their diet. This approach helps to create a supportive and empathetic environment for the client to embrace necessary dietary changes.
Regarding the incorrect choices:
A: Asking the client to perform a return demonstration of insulin injection focuses on psychomotor skills, not affective learning.
B: Reviewing the action of insulin therapy focuses on cognitive learning, not affective learning.
D: Having a family member practice blood glucose monitoring is not directly related to addressing the client's emotional response to dietary modifications.
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The family of a client who has died unexpectedly arrives immediately after the death. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Ask the family to return after the staff cleans the body.
- B. Perform postmortem care so that the body is prepared for the funeral home.
- C. Have a clergy member present when the family first sees the client.
- D. Allow the family to view the body privately.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Allow the family to view the body privately. This is important to facilitate the grieving process and provide closure. Allowing the family to view the body privately enables them to say goodbye in their own way and can help them come to terms with the loss. It shows respect for the family's cultural and religious beliefs regarding death and mourning. It also allows for a more personal and intimate experience for the family members.
Choice A is incorrect because asking the family to return after the staff cleans the body may cause unnecessary delays and distress for the family. Choice B is incorrect as performing postmortem care should not take precedence over allowing the family to view the body. Choice C, having a clergy member present, is a supportive gesture but does not address the immediate needs of the family to see the deceased.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about relationship development. The nurse should explain that, according to Erikson, establishing relationships with commitment is a primary task of which of the following stages of psychosocial development?
- A. Generativity versus stagnation
- B. Identity versus role diffusion
- C. Intimacy versus isolation
- D. Trust versus mistrust
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Intimacy versus isolation. During the stage of Intimacy versus isolation in Erikson's psychosocial development theory, individuals focus on forming deep, meaningful relationships and developing a sense of commitment to others. This stage typically occurs in young adulthood. By establishing relationships with commitment, individuals achieve intimacy and avoid feelings of isolation.
A: Generativity versus stagnation focuses on contributing to society and future generations.
B: Identity versus role diffusion involves developing a sense of self and a coherent identity.
D: Trust versus mistrust occurs in infancy and is about developing a sense of trust in the world.
Overall, C is the correct choice as it aligns most closely with the task of establishing relationships with commitment.
A client who is about to undergo hip arthroplasty tells the nurse she is afraid of not receiving adequate anesthesia during the procedure. Which of the following is an appropriate response?
- A. I will call the anesthesiologist right away.
- B. Can you tell me more about this concern?
- C. You have nothing to be concerned about. You have a competent anesthesiologist.
- D. I had a similar procedure and definitely received enough anesthesia.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Asking the client to elaborate allows for exploration of their concerns and reassurance through proper information.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a respiratory infection. When the client asks how the position the nurse put him in can help, the nurse should explain that lying on his left side in Trendelenburg position helps mobilize secretions from which of the following lung segments?
- A. Lateral segment of the left lower lobe
- B. Lateral segment of the right lower lobe
- C. Posterior segment of the left upper lobe
- D. Posterior segment of the right lower lobe
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Postural drainage uses gravity to mobilize mucus from different lung segments, aiding in secretion clearance.
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to undergo exploratory surgery to remove a malignant tumor and to determine the extent of any metastasis. The client tells the nurse that she is not hopeful that she will recover and begins to cry. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. Reassure the client that the provider will use advanced medical knowledge to treat any further problems with her tumor.
- B. Sit quietly with the client and follow her cues.
- C. Suggest that the client discuss her fears with the provider.
- D. Gently change the subject to something more positive.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Providing silent support and allowing the client to express emotions promotes emotional well-being.