Nokea
Statistical approaches to abnormality define as 'abnormal' those who
- A. show evidence of loss of contact with reality
- B. are unhappy, withdrawn, and depressed
- C. deviate from typical or average patterns of behavior
- D. are disabled by anxiety
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Statistical definitions label behavior abnormal if it deviates significantly from the norm, regardless of specific symptoms.
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A patient who has been hospitalized for 2 days remains delusional and anxious and does not yet appear to be ready to give up the delusions. What intervention will best help the patient focus less on the delusion?
- A. Schedule time for the patient to read and listen to music.
- B. Plan activities that require physical skills and constructive use of time.
- C. Begin planning for discharge by engaging the patient in psychoeducation.
- D. Discuss personal goals related to improved socialization with the patient.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because engaging in activities that require physical skills and constructive use of time can help the patient shift their focus away from the delusions. Physical activities can help reduce anxiety and provide a sense of accomplishment, which can help distract the patient from the delusions. It also promotes a sense of normalcy and routine, which can aid in grounding the patient in reality.
Choice A is incorrect because reading and listening to music may not actively engage the patient in a way that helps them shift their focus from the delusions. Choice C is incorrect because planning for discharge may be premature and may not address the immediate need to distract the patient from the delusions. Choice D is incorrect because discussing personal goals related to improved socialization may not be effective in helping the patient focus less on the delusions at this stage.
The nurse is interviewing a client who presents with a dislocated shoulder. She demonstrates signs of anxiety and poor eye contact and turns to her partner for answers, allowing him to speak for her. The nurse asks the partner to go to the admitting office to give insurance information. While the partner is out of the room, which question is most important to ask?
- A. How did the shoulder dislocation occur?'
- B. Do you feel safe at home?'
- C. Have you ever been injured before?'
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: By asking how the shoulder dislocation occurred, the nurse can assess the mechanism of injury and potential risk factors for further harm.
Step 2: Understanding the cause can guide treatment decisions and prevent future injuries.
Step 3: This question is crucial for providing appropriate care and ensuring the client's safety.
Summary: Option A is the correct answer as it directly relates to the client's current condition and allows the nurse to gather essential information for effective care. Options B and C are not as pertinent at this moment, and option D is incorrect as gathering information from the client is essential in this situation.
Disability is:
- A. More common in low-income region of the world
- B. Found in 16% or 1.3 billion people worldwide
- C. More common in males
- D. Not inclusive of mental health conditions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: WHO estimates disability affects 16% of the global population (1.3 billion), including mental health conditions.
The nurse is evaluating a patient with bulimia nervosa. The most appropriate action is to:
- A. Assign a strict dietary plan to prevent weight gain.
- B. Monitor the patient for physical symptoms of starvation.
- C. Encourage the patient to avoid purging after meals.
- D. Provide emotional support without focusing on food-related behaviors.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Encourage the patient to avoid purging after meals. This is the most appropriate action because it addresses the harmful purging behavior associated with bulimia nervosa. By encouraging the patient to avoid purging, the nurse can help prevent serious health consequences such as electrolyte imbalances and damage to the esophagus.
Option A is incorrect because assigning a strict dietary plan may exacerbate the patient's unhealthy relationship with food and contribute to feelings of guilt and shame. Option B is incorrect as monitoring for physical symptoms of starvation may not directly address the underlying issue of purging behavior. Option D is also incorrect as providing emotional support alone may not effectively address the harmful purging behavior.
A nurse assesses that which of the following individuals is most likely to engage in binge-eating behaviors characteristic of bulimia?
- A. A person who weighs 225 pounds and is 5 feet 4 inches tall.
- B. A person who is 5 pounds overweight and cannot stick to a diet.
- C. A person who lost up 40 pounds but gained it back within 1 year.
- D. A person who monitors caloric intake in order to fit into a small suit.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because binge-eating behaviors are often associated with individuals who struggle to control their eating, leading to episodes of excessive food consumption. Being unable to stick to a diet indicates a lack of control, which is a key characteristic of binge-eating. Choice A focuses more on weight and height, which are not direct indicators of binge-eating. Choice C describes weight fluctuations, which may not necessarily be linked to binge-eating. Choice D emphasizes monitoring caloric intake for a specific goal, which does not necessarily indicate a loss of control over eating behavior.