Nokea
Steroid hormones influence cellular activities by __________.
- A. activating cyclic AMP located outside the cell
- B. binding to DNA and forming a gene-hormone complex
- C. activating G proteins
- D. using calcium ions as a second messenger
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because steroid hormones bind to DNA and form a gene-hormone complex, which then regulates gene expression. This directly influences cellular activities at the genetic level. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because steroid hormones do not activate cyclic AMP, G proteins, or use calcium ions as second messengers for their cellular actions. Steroid hormones act through genomic mechanisms, not via the signaling pathways associated with choices A, C, and D.
You may also like to solve these questions
A 38-year-old man with galactorrhea is treated with bromocriptine, which eliminates the galactorrhea. The basis for the therapeutic action of bromocriptine is that it
- A. antagonizes the action of prolactin on the breast
- B. enhances the action of prolactin on the breast
- C. inhibits prolactin release from the anterior pituitary
- D. inhibits prolactin release from the hypothalamus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Bromocriptine is a dopamine agonist.
2. Dopamine inhibits prolactin release from the anterior pituitary.
3. Galactorrhea is often caused by excess prolactin.
4. By inhibiting prolactin release, bromocriptine reduces prolactin levels and eliminates galactorrhea.
Summary:
A: Incorrect - Bromocriptine does not antagonize prolactin action.
B: Incorrect - Bromocriptine does not enhance prolactin action.
D: Incorrect - Prolactin is not released from the hypothalamus.
The plan of care for the diabetic patient includes all of the following interventions. Which intervention could you delegate to the nursing assistant?
- A. Check to make sure that the patient's bath water is not too hot.
- B. Discuss community resources for diabetic outpatient care.
- C. Instruct the patient to perform daily foot inspections.
- D. Check the patient's technique for drawing insulin into a syringe.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Checking the temperature of the patient's bath water is a simple task that can be delegated to the nursing assistant to ensure safety and prevent burns.
Which of the following hormones is released from the posterior pituitary gland?
- A. Antidiuretic hormone
- B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone
- C. Parathyroid hormone
- D. Prolactin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is released by the posterior pituitary and plays a key role in regulating water balance in the body.
Parasympathomimetic drugs are drugs that:
- A. Inhibit muscarinic receptors
- B. Inhibit release of acetylcholine
- C. Inhibit adrenergic receptors
- D. Stimulate muscarinic receptors
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Stimulate muscarinic receptors. Parasympathomimetic drugs mimic the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system, which primarily uses acetylcholine on muscarinic receptors to produce its effects. By stimulating muscarinic receptors, these drugs enhance parasympathetic activity.
A, B, and C are incorrect:
A: Inhibiting muscarinic receptors would have the opposite effect of parasympathomimetic drugs.
B: Inhibiting the release of acetylcholine would also reduce parasympathetic activity.
C: Inhibiting adrenergic receptors pertains to the sympathetic nervous system, not the parasympathetic system targeted by parasympathomimetic drugs.
Steatorrhoea occurs with all of the following EXCEPT:
- A. gastrinoma
- B. congenital defect in gastric lipase
- C. ileal disease with failure to reabsorb bile salts
- D. exocrine pancreatic disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a congenital defect in gastric lipase would not lead to steatorrhoea. Gastrinoma, ileal disease with failure to reabsorb bile salts, and exocrine pancreatic disease can all cause steatorrhoea due to impaired fat digestion or absorption. Gastrinoma can lead to excessive acid production, which can interfere with fat digestion. Ileal disease can affect the reabsorption of bile salts necessary for fat digestion. Exocrine pancreatic disease can result in insufficient pancreatic enzymes needed for fat digestion. Therefore, choice B is the exception as it does not directly impact fat digestion or absorption.