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Sticky, greenish black stool is considered characteristic of
- A. a newborn infant
- B. a breastfed infant
- C. a formula fed infant
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Meconium, the first stool of a newborn, is sticky and greenish-black.
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Choose the girl who is most likely to have secondary amenorrhea.
- A. Amanda, 15 years old, who is trying out for the school track team for girls
- B. Brittney, 17 years old, who is preparing for a national gymnastic tournament
- C. Chloe, 16 years old, who controls type 1 diabetes mellitus with insulin
- D. Deanna, 16 years old, who is a member of an Irish dance team
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intense physical activity and low body fat, common in gymnasts, can lead to secondary amenorrhea due to hormonal imbalances.
The gender of an infant will be female unless:
- A. Two X chromosomes are received from the mother.
- B. The short arm of the Y chromosome is received from the father.
- C. Conception occurs during the last half of the female reproductive cycle.
- D. The mother's ovary produces testosterone early in pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The presence of the Y chromosome, specifically its short arm, triggers male development. Without it, the default development is female.
In order to prevent post-dural puncture (spinal) headache, the woman should
- A. be administered ibuprofen
- B. lie flat for several hours
- C. increase hydration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Remaining supine minimizes cerebrospinal fluid leakage and headache risk.
The layer of uterine tissue that responds to cyclic changes in hormones secreted by the pituitary gland is the:
- A. Perimetrium.
- B. Myometrium.
- C. Endometrium.
- D. NA
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The endometrium undergoes cyclic changes in response to estrogen and progesterone, regulated by the pituitary gland.
The physician diagnoses a 3-cm cyst in the ovary of a 28-year-old patient. You expect the initial treatment to include
- A. initiating hormone therapy.
- B. scheduling a laparoscopy to remove the cyst.
- C. examining the patient after her next menstrual perio
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because examining the patient after her next menstrual period allows for monitoring the cyst's size and nature. This approach is conservative and avoids unnecessary interventions like hormone therapy or surgery. Monitoring the cyst over time can help determine if it is benign or requires further treatment. Initiating hormone therapy (choice A) is not necessary at this point and may not address the cyst. Scheduling a laparoscopy to remove the cyst (choice B) is invasive and premature without first observing the cyst's behavior. Waiting for the next menstrual period allows for a more informed decision-making process based on the cyst's response to hormonal changes.