Nokea
Student nurses are learning to weigh patients and do vital signs. How does a correct weight impact administering medication?
- A. Proper dosage calculation
- B. Assessing changes in fluid balance
- C. Assessing changes in nutritional status
- D. Caloric needs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Accurate weight is essential for calculating correct medication dosages, especially for weight-based drugs.
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The Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System is:
- A. A mandatory reporting system for all health-care providers when they encounter an adverse vaccine event
- B. A voluntary reporting system that health-care providers or consumers may use to report vaccine adverse events
- C. Utilized to send out safety alerts regarding emerging vaccine safety issues
- D. Activated when a vaccine has been proven to cause significant adverse effects
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: VAERS is a voluntary system for reporting vaccine ADRs by providers or consumers, not mandatory or alert-only .
A nurse is preparing to administer Propranolol to a client who has a dysrhythmia. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
- A. Hold propranolol for an apical pulse greater than 100/min.
- B. Administer propranolol to increase the client's blood pressure.
- C. Assist the client when she sits up or stands after taking this medication.
- D. Check for hypokalemia frequently due to the risk for propranolol toxicity.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Propranolol can cause orthostatic hypotension; assisting with position changes prevents falls.
Which of the following statements about beta-blockers is false?
- A. Beta-blockers should be avoided with non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers
- B. Beta-blockers increase renin secretion
- C. Non-selective beta-blockers are contraindicated in asthma
- D. Beta-blockers prolong the refractory period of the AV node
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-blockers decrease renin secretion by blocking beta-1 receptors in the kidney, making this statement false.
Which of the following would the nurse identify as a factor that alters drug response in children and infants? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Slower gastric emptying
- B. Greater surface area
- C. Less protein binding
- D. Decreased body water content
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Children and infants are not small adults; therefore, they have altered pharmacokinetics. Factors that alter pharmacokinetics in children include slower gastric emptying, less cutaneous fat, greater surface area, increased body water content, less protein binding, and immature hepatic and renal function.
Which of the following sign/symptom would NOT be expected from organophosphate poisoning?
- A. Dry skin and mucous membranes
- B. Increased salivation
- C. Increased bowel sounds
- D. Urinary urgency
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Organophosphates cause wet symptoms (salivation, etc.); dry skin is typical of anticholinergics.