Nokea
Taste buds are found on the following papilla EXCEPT:
- A. Circumvallate papilla
- B. Filiform
- C. Fungiform
- D. Foliate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Filiform papillae lack taste buds and are primarily involved in touch sensation, unlike the other papillae types.
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Islets of Langerhans and are found in
- A. Modified lymph glands, pancreas
- B. Ductless glands, pancreas
- C. Specialized area, pituitary
- D. Small tubules, kidney
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Islets of Langerhans are endocrine (ductless) glands in the pancreas that secrete hormones like insulin.
When suggesting menu options to a group of senior citizens, the nurse is careful to include which of the following choices that would enhance normal physiology and prevent the problem of constipation?
- A. Whole grains
- B. Highly spiced or flavored foods
- C. Limiting fluids
- D. Salads and fresh fruits
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Whole grains increase fiber intake, promoting bowel regularity and preventing constipation.
Sieve plate is the found in the endothelium of:
- A. Hepatic sinusoids.
- B. Fenestrated capillaries of intestinal villi.
- C. Capillaries of islets of Langerhans.
- D. Lacteal lymphatic capillaries.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sieve plates are clusters of fenestrae in the endothelium of hepatic sinusoids, allowing plasma exchange with the space of Disse.
Of the following, which organ does food NOT pass through?
- A. pancreas
- B. stomach
- C. mouth
- D. small intestine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Food does not pass through the pancreas; it produces digestive enzymes that aid digestion.
The liver facilitates the conjugation of bilirubin with glucuronic acid, resulting in the formation of bilirubin glucuronide. The primary objective of this process is to:
- A. Convert bilirubin into a form suitable for storage within the body
- B. Generate bile salts required for the absorption of lipids
- C. Enable the transportation of bilirubin in the blood to sites where it can be utilized
- D. Render bilirubin water-soluble, facilitating its excretion in the urine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Conjugation makes bilirubin water-soluble, allowing its excretion in bile and urine, preventing accumulation.