Nokea
Teaching about the need to avoid foods high in potassium is most important for which client?
- A. a client receiving diuretic therapy
- B. a client with an ileus
- C. a client with metabolic alkalosis
- D. a client with renal disease
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Renal disease impairs potassium excretion, leading to hyperkalemia, so avoiding high-potassium foods is critical. The other conditions are more associated with hypokalemia. Physiological Adaptation
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The nurse is caring for a preschooler who needs stitches resulting from an injury received during play in the yard. What would be the most appropriate way to prepare the child for the treatment he will receive?
- A. Tell the child the nurse and the doctor will 'make things all better.'
- B. Use dolls and explain through play and simulation what will be done.
- C. Explain to the child slowly and precisely the steps that will be taken in his treatment.
- D. Tell the child that he will have minimal scarring and that any marks will diminish over time.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Play-based explanation with dolls engages a preschooler's developmental level, effectively preparing them for stitches.
A patient with major depressive disorder is prescribed fluoxetine (Prozac). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication at bedtime.
- B. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice.
- C. It may take several weeks to feel the full effect.
- D. Stop taking the medication if you feel better.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fluoxetine’s full effect takes 4–6 weeks, and patients must continue it to maintain benefits. Bedtime dosing is not standard, grapefruit juice is irrelevant, and stopping early risks relapse.
A mother indicates correct understanding of postpartum discharge instructions when starting that she will take her iron supplements with:
A mother indicates correct understanding of postpartum discharge instructions when starting that she will take her iron supplements with:
- A. Milk
- B. Water
- C. Each meal
- D. Orange juice
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Orange juice enhances iron absorption due to its vitamin C content.
An 8 year-old child is hospitalized during the edema phase of minimal change nephrotic syndrome. The nurse is assisting in choosing the lunch menu. Which menu is the best choice?
- A. Bologna sandwich, pudding, milk
- B. Frankfurter, baked potato, milk
- C. Chicken strips, corn on the cob, milk
- D. Grilled cheese sandwich, apple, milk
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This menu is lowest in sodium. Ideally, low fat milk would be available.
John H is a 66-year-old man with a history of heavy smoking presented himself to the ER due to difficulty breathing of 2 years duration. Mr. H was also diagnosed with effusion of the right lung. He is now scheduled for chest tube insertion.
Appropriate patient teaching when the chest tube is removed:
- A. Instruct the patient take deep breath and hold it during removal.
- B. Inform the patient that this is not a painful procedure.
- C. Ensure that the site is covered with a loose, dry dressing.
- D. Expect tachypnea after the removal.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Holding a deep breath during removal prevents air entry into the pleural space.