Nokea
Teeth adapted to shear food are:
- A. premolars
- B. canines
- C. incisors
- D. molars
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Incisors are sharp-edged teeth designed for cutting or shearing food.
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In case of atrophic gastritis, deficiency in vitamin B12 result from damage of:
- A. Chief cells
- B. Enterocytes
- C. Parietal cells
- D. Stem cells
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Parietal cells secrete intrinsic factor, necessary for vitamin B12 absorption; their damage in atrophic gastritis leads to B12 deficiency.
Enteroendocrine cells of stomach, show the following EXCEPT:
- A. Stained with silver nitrate or chromium salts.
- B. Have apical secretory granules.
- C. Divided into open type & closed type.
- D. Are also called argentaffin cells.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Enteroendocrine cells have basal secretory granules, not apical, as they release hormones into the bloodstream.
Match each term with the correct description: produces enzymes
- A. rectum
- B. esophagus
- C. pancreas
- D. liver
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The pancreas produces digestive enzymes that aid in breaking down food.
Posterior part of soft palate, hangs down in pharynx, called-
- A. Palatine
- B. Tonsils
- C. Velum Palati
- D. Jacobson's organ
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The velum palati (uvula) is the posterior part of the soft palate that hangs down in the pharynx.
The cells of the proximal convoluted tubule are specialised to absorb compounds back into the circulatory system. In what way?
- A. They have foot processes which wrap around the blood vessels
- B. They have pores to allow compounds through
- C. They have microvilli to increase surface area
- D. They have cilia to help the filtrate move through the tube
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Microvilli increase the surface area for reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule.