Nokea
Tertiary prevention is needed in which stage of the natural history of disease?
- A. Pre-pathogenesis
- B. Pathogenesis
- C. Predromal
- D. Terminal
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tertiary prevention occurs during the Terminal stage of the natural history of disease. This stage involves managing the disease to prevent complications and improve the quality of life. Tertiary prevention focuses on rehabilitation, palliative care, and support to prevent further deterioration. In contrast, Pre-pathogenesis is before the disease develops, Pathogenesis is the development and progression of the disease, and Predromal is the early signs and symptoms before the disease fully manifests. These stages are not where tertiary prevention interventions are typically implemented.
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In family nursing, the typology of family nursing problems is used in the statement of nursing diagnosis for families. The youngest child of the Delos Reyes family has been diagnosed with mental retardation. This is classified as:
- A. Health threat
- B. Health deficit
- C. Foreseeable crisis
- D. Stress point
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Health deficit. Mental retardation in the youngest child of the Delos Reyes family represents a health deficit as it indicates a lack or impairment in the child's cognitive abilities and overall health status. The typology of family nursing problems categorizes issues that require nursing interventions, and a health deficit aligns with the child's developmental delay. A health threat (choice A) typically refers to potential risks to health, which is not the case here as the diagnosis has already been made. Foreseeable crisis (choice C) involves situations that may lead to a crisis but are not yet imminent, which does not apply in this scenario. Stress point (choice D) involves a specific event or situation causing stress, which is not the primary concern in this case.
Which of the following is a function of epidemiology?
- A. Identifying disease conditions based on manifestations presented by a client
- B. Determining factors that contributed to the occurrence of pneumonia in a 3-year-old
- C. Determining the efficacy of the antibiotic used in the treatment of the 3-year-old client with pneumonia
- D. Evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness. Epidemiology is the study of patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in populations. Evaluating the effectiveness of implementing protocols like the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness falls under the domain of epidemiology as it involves monitoring and assessing the impact of healthcare interventions on public health outcomes.
A: Identifying disease conditions based on manifestations presented by a client is more aligned with clinical diagnosis rather than epidemiology.
B: Determining factors that contributed to the occurrence of pneumonia in a 3-year-old is more related to etiology and risk factors, which are part of epidemiological studies but not the primary function.
C: Determining the efficacy of the antibiotic used in the treatment of the 3-year-old client with pneumonia is more focused on clinical pharmacology and treatment outcomes rather than the broader population-based approach of epidemiology.
Which of the following exemplifies the school nurse's health care provider function?
- A. Requesting BCG vaccine from the RHU for school entrance immunization
- B. Conducting random classroom inspections during a measles epidemic
- C. Taking corrective action on an accident hazard in the school playground
- D. Observing areas in the school where pupils spend their free time
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. School nurse's role is to provide health care.
2. Conducting random classroom inspections during a measles epidemic is a proactive measure to prevent the spread of disease.
3. This function aligns with the nurse's duty to promote health and prevent illness.
Summary:
- A: Requesting BCG vaccine is administrative, not direct health care provision.
- C: Correcting an accident hazard is addressing safety, not health care.
- D: Observing areas where pupils spend free time is monitoring, not direct health care provision.
RA 7160 mandates the devolution of basic services from the national government to local government units. What is the primary goal of this devolution?
- A. To strengthen local government units
- B. To allow greater autonomy to local government units
- C. To empower the people and promote their self-reliance
- D. To make basic services more accessible to the people
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: To empower the people and promote their self-reliance. This is the primary goal of devolution under RA 7160. Devolution aims to transfer power and resources to local government units, enabling them to be more responsive to the needs of their constituents. By empowering the people and promoting self-reliance, communities can actively participate in decision-making, leading to more effective and sustainable development.
Choice A (To strengthen local government units) is not the primary goal, although it may be an outcome of devolution. Choice B (To allow greater autonomy to local government units) is related to the goal but not as comprehensive as promoting self-reliance. Choice D (To make basic services more accessible to the people) is a potential benefit of devolution but not the primary goal, which is focused on empowering the people and promoting self-reliance.
Which of the following is a mission of the Department of Health?
- A. Health for all Filipinos
- B. Ensure accessibility and quality of health
- C. Improve the general health status of the population
- D. Health in the hands of the Filipino people by the year 2020
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ensure accessibility and quality of health. This is because the Department of Health's primary mission is to provide accessible and high-quality healthcare services to the population. This mission encompasses both ensuring that health services are within reach of all individuals and that the services provided are of the highest possible standard. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not fully capture the comprehensive mission of the Department of Health, which goes beyond just improving health status or setting a specific target year for health outcomes.