Nokea
Testosterone is a crucial hormone in the male reproductive system. What is its primary function?
- A. Egg production
- B. Sperm production and development
- C. Regulation of the menstrual cycle
- D. Milk production
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Testosterone is a hormone primarily produced in the testes of males and is responsible for the development of male reproductive tissues, including the testes and prostate. Its primary function is the production and maturation of sperm cells, as well as the development of secondary sexual characteristics in males. Choice A, 'Egg production,' is incorrect as testosterone is not involved in the production of eggs. Choice C, 'Regulation of the menstrual cycle,' is incorrect because testosterone is not responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle, which is primarily governed by female hormones. Choice D, 'Milk production,' is incorrect as testosterone does not play a role in milk production, which is associated with other hormones like prolactin in females.
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The Becquerel (Bq) is the designated unit for quantifying:
- A. Electron volt (eV) measurements of energy
- B. Radioactivity
- C. Electric charge (Coulombs)
- D. Force (Newtons)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Becquerel (Bq) is the unit used to measure radioactivity, specifically the activity of a quantity of radioactive material. It represents the number of radioactive disintegrations or transformations per unit of time. Choice A, electron volt (eV), is a unit of energy, not radioactivity. Choice C, electric charge (Coulombs), is measured in Coulombs, not Becquerels. Choice D, force (Newtons), is a unit of force, not radioactivity. Therefore, the correct answer is B.
The dark, round structures observed within some bacterial cells are most likely:
- A. Ribosomes
- B. Flagella
- C. Endospores
- D. Capsules
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Endospores are the correct answer. Endospores are dark, round structures observed within some bacterial cells. They are highly resistant dormant structures formed by certain bacteria in response to harsh environmental conditions. Ribosomes are not dark, round structures within bacterial cells; they are responsible for protein synthesis. Flagella are long, whip-like appendages used for movement and are not dark, round structures within bacterial cells. Capsules are outer layers of polysaccharides that some bacteria produce for protection and adherence, not dark, round structures within bacterial cells.
Which element is used in fertilizers due to its role in plant cell division and growth?
- A. Potassium
- B. Phosphorus
- C. Calcium
- D. Magnesium
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phosphorus is the correct answer. It is used in fertilizers due to its essential role in plant cell division and growth. Phosphorus is a key component of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, which are essential for cell division and growth in plants. Potassium (Choice A) is important for overall plant health and functions like enzyme activation, but it is not specifically known for its role in cell division and growth. Calcium (Choice C) is crucial for cell wall structure and stability but not primarily for cell division. Magnesium (Choice D) is essential for chlorophyll production and photosynthesis, but it is not directly linked to plant cell division and growth.
What is a group of organisms of the same species living in a particular area called?
- A. Community
- B. Population
- C. Ecosystem
- D. Habitat
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A) Community refers to all the populations of different species living and interacting in a particular area. Since the question specifies organisms of the same species, community is not the correct answer. B) Population is a group of organisms of the same species living in a particular area. This term specifically refers to individuals of the same species and their interactions within a defined area. C) Ecosystem includes all the living organisms (biotic factors) and non-living components (abiotic factors) in a particular area and their interactions. While populations are part of an ecosystem, the term 'ecosystem' is broader and includes multiple populations. D) Habitat refers to the specific environment where an organism lives, including the physical and biological factors. It is the place where a population or individual organism resides, but it does not specifically refer to a group of organisms of the same species.
The muscular diaphragm plays a vital role in respiration. When it contracts, it:
- A. Increases lung volume for inhalation
- B. Decreases lung volume for exhalation
- C. Filters dust and particles from inhaled air
- D. Produces mucus to lubricate the airways
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The muscular diaphragm plays a crucial role in respiration by contracting and flattening during inhalation. This action increases the volume of the thoracic cavity, which leads to a decrease in pressure within the lungs, allowing air to rush in and fill the expanded space. Choice B is incorrect because the diaphragm contracting increases the lung volume for inhalation, not decreases it for exhalation. Choice C is incorrect as the role of filtering dust and particles is primarily performed by the respiratory system's other structures like the nasal passages and the mucous membranes. Choice D is incorrect as mucus production is mainly carried out by specialized cells in the respiratory system and not by the diaphragm.