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The 65-year-old male client who is complaining of blurred vision reports he thinks his glasses need to be cleaned all the time, and he denies any type of eye pain. Which eye disorder should the nurse suspect the client has?
- A. Corneal dystrophy.
- B. Conjunctivitis.
- C. Diabetic retinopathy.
- D. Cataracts.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Blurred vision and a sense of dirty glasses without pain suggest cataracts, common in older adults. Corneal dystrophy is rarer, conjunctivitis causes redness, and diabetic retinopathy involves floaters or spots.
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The student nurse asks the nurse, 'Which type of hearing loss involves damage to the cochlea or vestibulocochlear nerve?' Which statement is the best response of the nurse?
- A. It is called conductive hearing loss.
- B. It is called a functional hearing loss.
- C. It is called a mixed hearing loss.
- D. It is called sensorineural hearing loss.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sensorineural hearing loss involves cochlear or vestibulocochlear nerve damage. Conductive loss affects the outer/middle ear, functional loss is psychological, and mixed involves both.
The elderly client has undergone a right-eye cataract removal with an intraocular implant. Which discharge instructions should the nurse teach the client?
- A. Have the client demonstrate placing the otic drops in the ear.
- B. Teach the client to instill the eyedrops as prescribed.
- C. Remind the client to keep the lights in the home low at all times.
- D. Encourage the client to sleep on two pillows at night.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Instilling prescribed eyedrops (e.g., antibiotics, steroids) prevents infection and inflammation post-cataract surgery. Otic drops are irrelevant, low lights are unnecessary, and elevation is not standard.
The physician has ordered mannitol IV for a client with a head injury. What should the nurse closely monitor because the client is receiving mannitol?
- A. Deep tendon reflexes
- B. Urine output
- C. Level of orientation
- D. Pulse rate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mannitol is a diuretic, so monitoring urine output is critical to assess its effectiveness and prevent dehydration.
The elderly male client tells the nurse, 'My wife says her cooking hasn't changed, but it is bland and tasteless.' Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. Would you like me to talk to your wife about her cooking?
- B. Taste buds change with age, which may be why the food seems bland.
- C. This happens because the medications sometimes cause a change in taste.
- D. Why don't you barbecue food on a grill if you don't like your wife's cooking?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Age-related taste bud decline reduces taste perception, a common issue in the elderly. Talking to the wife, blaming medications, or suggesting grilling are less appropriate.
When planning care for a woman with myasthenia gravis, the nurse asks her what time of day she feels strongest. The nurse would expect which of the following replies?
- A. I can wash up and comb my hair before breakfast because I feel best in the morning.'
- B. I only feel good for about an hour after I take my medication.'
- C. I feel strongest in the evening, so I would prefer to take a shower before bedtime.'
- D. I feel best after lunch after I've been moving around a little.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Muscle strength in myasthenia gravis is typically best in the morning, with weakness worsening throughout the day.