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The American Nurses Credential Center Magnet Recognition Program supports many actions to ensure that nurses are engaged and empowered to participate in ethical decision making. Which of the following would assist nurses in being involvabeirdb .icnom r/etesset arch studies?
- A. Education on protection of human subjects
- B. Participation of staff nurses on ethics committees
- C. Written descriptions of how nurses participate in ethic s programs
- D. Written policies and procedures related to response to ethical issues
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale:
A: Education on protection of human subjects is crucial for nurses to understand ethical principles when conducting research studies. It ensures compliance with ethical guidelines and protection of research participants.
B: Participation of staff nurses on ethics committees is not directly related to conducting research studies and may not specifically involve protection of human subjects.
C: Written descriptions of how nurses participate in ethics programs do not necessarily focus on research studies and may not cover the specific ethical considerations required in research.
D: Written policies and procedures related to response to ethical issues are important but may not provide the necessary knowledge on protection of human subjects for conducting research studies.
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While caring for a patient with a small bowel obstruction, the nurse assesses a pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) of 1 mm Hg and hourly urine output of 5 mL. The nurse anticipates which therapeutic intervention?
- A. Diuretics
- B. Intravenous fluids
- C. Negative inotropic agents
- D. Vasopressors
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Intravenous fluids. In the scenario of a small bowel obstruction, a PAOP of 1 mm Hg indicates hypovolemia requiring fluid resuscitation to improve cardiac output and tissue perfusion. The low urine output suggests inadequate renal perfusion, further supporting the need for fluids. Diuretics (choice A) would worsen the hypovolemia. Negative inotropic agents (choice C) decrease cardiac contractility, which is not indicated in this scenario. Vasopressors (choice D) are used for hypotension, not for hypovolemia. Therefore, the most appropriate intervention is to administer intravenous fluids to address the hypovolemia and improve tissue perfusion.
Many critically ill patients experience anxiety. The nurse can reduce anxiety with which approach?
- A. Asking family members to limit their visitation to 2-hour periods in morning, afternoon, and evening. You know that this is the best approach to ensure uninterrupted rest time for the patient. Tell the patient, “Your family is in the waiting room. They will be permitted to come in at 2:0 0 PM after you take a short nap.”
- B. Explaining the unit routine. “Assessments are done every 4 hours; patients are bathed on the night shift around 5:00 AM; family memabbierbr.sc oamr/ete spt ermitted to visit you after the physicians make their morning rounds. They can spend the day. Lights are out every night at 10:00 PM.”
- C. Stating, “It’s time to turn you. I am going to ask another nurse to come in and help me. We will turn you to your left side. During the turn , I’m going to inspect the skin on your back and rub some lotion on your back. T his should help to make you feel better.”
- D. Suctioning the endotracheal tube immediately when thaeb iprba.ctoiemn/tte sst tarts to cough. Sharing, “Your tube needs suctioned; you should feel better after I’m done.”
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it addresses the patient's anxiety by providing clear communication and involving the patient in the care process. By explaining the turning procedure, inspecting the skin, and providing comfort through lotion application, the nurse establishes trust and promotes a sense of control for the patient. This approach helps alleviate anxiety by keeping the patient informed and engaged in their care.
Choice A is incorrect because limiting family visitation may not directly address the patient's anxiety. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses on routine information rather than directly addressing the patient's anxiety. Choice D is incorrect because suctioning the endotracheal tube may cause discomfort and does not address the underlying anxiety issue.
What factors may predispose a patient to respiratory acido as bi is rb? . com/test
- A. Anxiety and fear
- B. Central nervous system depression
- C. Diabetic ketoacidosis
- D. Nasogastric suctioning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Central nervous system depression. This factor can lead to respiratory acidosis by depressing the respiratory drive, causing hypoventilation and retention of carbon dioxide. Anxiety and fear (A) may lead to hyperventilation, reducing carbon dioxide levels. Diabetic ketoacidosis (C) results in metabolic acidosis, not respiratory acidosis. Nasogastric suctioning (D) may cause respiratory alkalosis from excessive removal of carbon dioxide. Thus, central nervous system depression is the most likely factor predisposing a patient to respiratory acidosis.
The nurse is caring for a patient following insertion of a left subclavian central venous catheter (CVC). Which assessment finding 2 hours after insertion by the nurse warrants immediate action?
- A. Diminished breath sounds over left lung field
- B. Localized pain at catheter insertion site
- C. Measured central venous pressure of 5 mm Hg
- D. Slight bloody drainage around insertion site
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Diminished breath sounds over the left lung field. This finding could indicate a pneumothorax, a serious complication of subclavian CVC insertion. Immediate action is required to prevent respiratory distress.
Incorrect answers:
B: Localized pain at insertion site is common post-procedure and may not indicate a serious issue.
C: A central venous pressure of 5 mm Hg is within the normal range and does not require immediate action.
D: Slight bloody drainage is expected initially and can be managed with routine care.
A nurse observes that a 38-year-old single father whose 11-year-old daughter is in the ICU is struggling to explain to his 6-year-old son the likelihood that the daughter will die. The young boy asks what will happen to his sister when she dies, but the father breaks down in tears and seems unable to respond. Which of the following would be the most appropriate intervention for the nurse to make?
- A. Suggest that the father contact his pastor, rabbi, or other spiritual leader for counself or him and his son
- B. Sit down with the father and son and share her own religious beliefs
- C. Ask the patients doctor to explain to the father the odds of the daughter surviving
- D. Leave the father and son to grieve alone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The nurse should suggest that the father contact his spiritual leader for counseling. This option is appropriate as it recognizes the importance of spirituality in coping with difficult situations. It offers emotional support and guidance to the father and his son during a time of crisis.
Option B is incorrect as the nurse sharing her own religious beliefs may not align with the father's beliefs, potentially causing confusion or discomfort.
Option C is not the best intervention, as the doctor's role is primarily medical, and explaining the odds of survival may not address the emotional and spiritual needs of the family.
Option D is also incorrect as leaving the father and son to grieve alone does not provide them with the necessary support and guidance during such a challenging time.