Nokea
Food
Food and drink are necessary and desirable, but their abuse can cause serious physical and mental problems. Many physicians believe that overeating is one of the countryÄ€™s main health problems, since It places a great strain on the heart, can lead to diabetes, and often shortens the individual's life span. To fill an emotional void, people often turn to food when they are bored or lonely.
Another area of concern is alcohol consumption. The results of alcohol abuse are widely publicized. The social drinker who becomes alcoholic, the drunken drivers contribution to highway deaths, spousal and child abuse, are all concomitant problems associated with alcohol abuse.
The author seems to
- A. Favor moderation.
- B. oppose regulation of personal habits.
- C. favor a strict diet.
- D. oppose drinking alcohol.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The passage discusses the problems associated with food and alcohol abuse, emphasizing the health risks related to overeating and alcohol consumption. However, it does not advocate for extreme measures such as strict diets or complete opposition to alcohol. Instead, the author's focus on the consequences of abuse suggests a preference for moderation in eating and drinking habits. Therefore, the correct answer is A, indicating that the author seems to favor moderation.
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"Phobias — 'Don’t be afraid.' Sounds simple, but for some people it's not. Having the normal reaction of being scared or frightened helps you to survive threats of all kinds, both physical and verbal. Most mild fears are outgrown during childhood; however, severe fears, called phobias, are extreme and unreasonable. Phobias cause out-of-control feelings such as sickness, headaches, ulcers, and high blood pressure. Specific phobias center around things, activities, or situations while people with social phobias feel anxiety over social settings where they fear embarrassing situations. Another type of phobia called panic disorder causes people to sweat, tremble, or even faint due to overwhelming panic which may occur at any time. By talking, breathing deeply, and visualizing, a person can gain control over debilitating phobias
What does the author want the reader to know about phobias?
- A. Phobias help people to survive threats.
- B. That phobias are debilitating.
- C. Phobias only happen in social settings.
- D. That people can gain control over phobias.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The passage emphasizes that phobias are severe and unreasonable fears that can lead to debilitating physical and emotional symptoms, such as sickness and high blood pressure. While the author also mentions that people can gain control over phobias, the primary focus of the passage is to highlight their debilitating nature. Therefore, the correct answer is B, as it accurately reflects the author's intent to inform readers about the debilitating effects of phobias.
All That Jazz: Jazz is an American musical art form which originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African-American communities in the Southern United States. It derived from a confluence of African and European music traditions. From its early development until the present, jazz has also incorporated music from 19th and 20th century American popular music. The word jazz began as a West Coast slang term of uncertain derivation and was first used to refer to music in Chicago in about 1915.
Improvisation is one of the key elements of jazz and a fundamental part of the nature of the music. In jazz, the skilled performer will interpret a tune in very individual ways, never playing the same composition exactly the same way twice. Depending upon the performer's mood and personal experience, interactions with fellow musicians, or even members of the audience, a jazz musician/performer may alter melodies, harmonies, or time signatures at will.
What makes jazz a different sort of music?
- A. Improvisation of the theme.
- B. Rhythmic variations by combo members.
- C. Rigid interpretation of the written score.
- D. Interaction with the audience.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Improvisation of the theme. Jazz is distinguished by its emphasis on improvisation, where performers interpret and play a tune in unique ways each time. This constant creativity and spontaneity set jazz apart from other music genres. Rhythmic variations by combo members (B) are related to improvisation but not the defining characteristic of jazz. Rigid interpretation of the written score (C) goes against the essence of jazz, which thrives on freedom and individual expression. While interaction with the audience (D) is common in jazz performances, it is not what fundamentally makes jazz a different sort of music.
The ebb and flow of laughter and silence fills the room as four old friends gather to engage in a
round of Bridge playing. For the beginner, Bridge can be complicated, but with time, effort, and a good teacher, even the novice can become proficient. Composed of two main parts, bidding and playing, Bridge requires the player's undivided attention. The dealer deals the entire deck of playing cards evenly between the for players, with
each person receiving thirteen cards. In the bidding portion of the game, the four suits of cards in the deck are ranked highest to lowest as follows: spades, hearts, diamonds, and finally clubs. However, during play all the suits of cards are
considered equals, and they go from highest to lowest from the ace being high to the two cards
being low. The highest number of tricks wins. A trick is one card played by each player for a
total of four. After the lead player lays down his/her card, the other players follow suit, if
possible. The highest card within the four "same suit" cards played wins the trick and picks up all
four cards. If a player cannot follow suit, he/she plays any card, but to make the game more
interesting and challenging, one suit is named a trump suit which means that if a player plays a
card from the trump suit, it always wins the trick. If two cards from the trump suit are played, the
highest card within the trump suit wins the trick. Obviously, the team with the most tricks wins
the hand.
Throughout this passage the word suit means
- A. A set of clothing to be worn together
- B. Any of the four sets into which a deck of cards is divided
- C. To be convenient or right for
- D. To request or appeal persistently
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of the passage, the term 'suit' refers to any of the four sets into which a deck of cards is divided. In Bridge, the deck is divided into spades, hearts, diamonds, and clubs, each representing a suit of cards. Understanding the concept of suits is essential in playing the game effectively, as it determines the hierarchy and rules for playing cards. This term does not relate to clothing sets, being convenient or right for something, or persistent requests or appeals, making choice B the correct interpretation in this gaming context.
The federal government regulates dietary supplements through the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The regulations for dietary supplements are not the same as those for prescription or over-the-counter drugs. In general, the regulations for dietary supplements are less strict. To begin with, a manufacturer does not have to prove the safety and effectiveness of a dietary supplement before it is marketed. A manufacturer is permitted to say that a dietary supplement addresses a nutrient deficiency, supports health, or is linked to a particular body function (such as immunity) if there is research to support the claim. Such a claim must be followed by the words, “This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.†Also, manufacturers are expected to follow certain good manufacturing practices (GMPs) to ensure that dietary supplements are processed consistently and meet quality standards. Requirements for GMPs went into effect in 2008 for large manufacturers and are being phased in for small manufacturers through 2010. Once a dietary supplement is on the market, the FDA monitors safety and product information, such as label claims and package inserts. If it finds a product to be unsafe, it can take action against the manufacturer and/or distributor and may issue a warning or require that the product be removed from the marketplace. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is responsible for regulating product advertising; it requires that all information be truthful and not misleading. The federal government has taken legal action against a number of dietary supplement promoters or websites that promote or sell dietary supplements because they have made false or deceptive statements about their products or because marketed products have proven to be unsafe.
What is the meaning of the phrase 'phased in' as it is used in the third paragraph?
- A. stunned into silence
- B. confused
- C. implemented in stages
- D. legalized
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The phrase 'phased in' refers to implementing something gradually or in stages. In the context provided, it means that the requirements for GMPs were gradually introduced for small manufacturers over a period of time. This approach allows for a structured implementation of the regulations, ensuring that small manufacturers have time to comply with the new standards.
Mr. Rogers' Biography
"It's a wonderful day in the neighborhood!" This familiar line always began the Mister Rogers' Neighborhood program on PBS. The amazing Fred Rogers brought a special message to children around the world. He believed that each person is unique and wonderful in his or her own way and we should accept others just the way they are without trying to change or improve them. Mr. Rogers spread his tolerance message far and wide through the daily broadcasts of his television show, his many books, and finally after his retirement through his website specifically designed for children. Through these venues, Mr. Rogers helped children deal with the real world things that bothered them, such as doctor visits, haircuts, and new siblings.
Fred Rogers left a legacy of kindness, acceptance, and an unending love of learning for all generations
According to the passage, what did Fred Rogers believe in?
- A. Uniformity
- B. Conformity
- C. Uniqueness
- D. Obedience
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fred Rogers believed in uniqueness, as stated in the passage. He advocated that each person is unique and wonderful in their own way, promoting acceptance without trying to change or improve others. This aligns with the message of embracing individuality and diversity, rather than conformity or uniformity. Therefore, the correct answer is C: 'Uniqueness'.