Nokea
The Becquerel (Bq) is the designated unit for quantifying:
- A. Electron volt (eV) measurements of energy
- B. Radioactivity
- C. Electric charge (Coulombs)
- D. Force (Newtons)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Becquerel (Bq) is the unit used to measure radioactivity, specifically the activity of a quantity of radioactive material. It represents the number of radioactive disintegrations or transformations per unit of time. Choice A, electron volt (eV), is a unit of energy, not radioactivity. Choice C, electric charge (Coulombs), is measured in Coulombs, not Becquerels. Choice D, force (Newtons), is a unit of force, not radioactivity. Therefore, the correct answer is B.
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What is the main function of the small intestine?
- A. To store food and break it down into smaller pieces
- B. To absorb nutrients into the bloodstream
- C. To produce enzymes that help digest food
- D. To eliminate waste products from the body
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The small intestine is a crucial part of the digestive system responsible for absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream. This absorption primarily occurs through the villi lining the small intestine, which increases the surface area available for nutrient absorption. Nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals are absorbed into the bloodstream to support various bodily functions such as energy production, growth, and repair. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately depict the primary function of the small intestine, which is nutrient absorption.
Which of the following is NOT a type of epithelium?
- A. Stratified squamous
- B. Simple cuboidal
- C. Stratified columnar
- D. Pseudostratified columnar
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Pseudostratified columnar. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium is not a type of epithelium. It is a specialized form of simple columnar epithelium. Stratified squamous, simple cuboidal, and stratified columnar are all types of epithelial tissues found in the human body. Stratified squamous epithelium is found in the skin, mouth, and esophagus; simple cuboidal epithelium lines kidney tubules and glands; stratified columnar epithelium is present in parts of the respiratory tract and male urethra.
Which of the following is NOT a typical component of healthy semen?
- A. Sperm
- B. Fructose (sugar)
- C. Prostaglandins
- D. Urine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Healthy semen is composed of sperm, fructose (sugar), and prostaglandins. Urine is not a typical component of semen. While semen is ejaculated during sexual activity, urine is expelled through a separate pathway in the male reproductive system. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Urine.' Choices A, B, and C are all components found in healthy semen.
Which of the following is an example of an unsaturated fatty acid?
- A. Stearic acid
- B. Palmitic acid
- C. Oleic acid
- D. Butyric acid
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oleic acid is an example of an unsaturated fatty acid because it contains one or more double bonds in its hydrocarbon chain, leading to kinks in the chain structure. This unsaturation gives it a lower melting point compared to saturated fatty acids. Stearic acid (A), Palmitic acid (B), and Butyric acid (D) are examples of saturated fatty acids as they do not contain any double bonds in their hydrocarbon chains, leading to a straight structure and higher melting points.
Which hormone stimulates the release of pancreatic enzymes and bile?
- A. Gastrin
- B. Insulin
- C. Cholecystokinin (CCK)
- D. Glucagon
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cholecystokinin (CCK) is the correct answer. It is the hormone that stimulates the release of pancreatic enzymes and bile. CCK is released by the small intestine in response to the presence of fats and proteins in the duodenum, triggering the release of digestive enzymes and bile to aid in the digestion of fats and proteins. Gastrin (Choice A) primarily stimulates gastric acid secretion, not the release of pancreatic enzymes and bile. Insulin (Choice B) regulates blood sugar levels by promoting glucose uptake. Glucagon (Choice D) raises blood glucose levels by stimulating the breakdown of glycogen in the liver.