Nokea
The best diet for the client with Meniere's disease is one that is:
- A. High in fiber
- B. Low in sodium
- C. High in iodine
- D. Low in fiber
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A low-sodium diet reduces fluid retention in Meniere's disease, alleviating vertigo. Fiber (A, D) and iodine are unrelated to symptom management.
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The nurse and a student nurse are discussing the specific points about infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers. Which of these comments by the student indicates a need for clarification of information?
- A. The infant will get the hepatitis B vaccine and the hepatitis B immune globulin within 12 hours at birth at separate injection sites.
- B. The second dose can be given at 1 to 2 months of age.
- C. The third dose should be given at least 16 weeks from the second dose.
- D. The last dose in the series is not to be given before age 24 weeks.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The third dose should be given at least 16 weeks from the first dose and 8 weeks from the second dose. All of the other options are correct information.
At a health-screening clinic, an adult male client's total plasma cholesterol level is 200 mg/dL. The nurse should
- A. advise the client to decrease intake of fatty foods.
- B. schedule the client for a follow-up clinic visit in one month.
- C. inform the client that the cholesterol level is within normal limits.
- D. report the finding to the physician immediately.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A cholesterol level of 200 mg/dL is borderline high; reducing fatty foods is appropriate. Options B, C, and D are less immediate or incorrect.
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of anxiety disorder.
- A. Which intervention is most effective for managing acute anxiety in a client?
- B. Administer a benzodiazepine as ordered.
- C. Encourage deep breathing exercises.
- D. Restrict the client to their room.
- E. Provide a high-stimulus environment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Deep breathing exercises calm the autonomic nervous system, reducing acute anxiety effectively and non-invasively. Benzodiazepines are used cautiously, isolation increases anxiety, and high-stimulus environments worsen it.
The spouse of a client who had an angioplasty following a heart attack says to the nurse, 'What is an angioplasty? It sounds like plastic surgery. My husband had a heart attack.' What information should be included in the nurse's response?
- A. An angioplasty repairs the heart damage caused by the heart attack.
- B. During an angioplasty, the physician creates a bypass around blocked arteries, increasing the blood flow to the heart muscle.
- C. Angioplasty is a diagnostic procedure to see if there are any blocked coronary arteries.
- D. During an angioplasty, the physician uses a balloon-tipped catheter to open up an artery that is blocked by a clot, thus increasing blood flow to the heart muscle.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An angioplasty is the insertion of a balloon-tipped catheter into a coronary artery. The balloon is inflated, opening up the artery and increasing blood flow through the coronary artery to the heart muscle. Angioplasty does not repair heart damage. A left heart cardiac catheterization is the diagnostic procedure that precedes angioplasty. Answer 2 describes a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) procedure.
A polydrug user has been in recovery for 8 months. The client has began skipping breakfast and not eating regular dinners. The client has also started frequenting bars to 'see old buddies.' The nurse understands that the client's behaviors are warning signs to indicate that the client may be
- A. Headed for relapse
- B. Feeling hopeless
- C. Approaching recovery
- D. In need of increased socialization
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Headed for relapse. These behaviors suggest a return to risky environments and habits, indicating potential relapse.