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The BEST example of how the nurse can create a climate in which clients do not feel threatened is by teaching on a topic about:
- A. Stress, where the nurse plays pop music throughout the first session
- B. Good nutrition, while the nurse provides a meal
- C. Exercise, where the nurse begins to share her difficulties she sometimes finds in trying to exercise
- D. Diabetes, where the nurse asks diabetics to talk to the class during the first session
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The best example of how the nurse can create a climate in which clients do not feel threatened is by teaching on good nutrition while providing a meal. This approach not only addresses an important topic that is beneficial for the clients but also creates a comfortable and welcoming atmosphere. By offering a meal, the nurse is able to engage the clients in a familiar and non-threatening activity, making them more receptive to the information being shared. Additionally, sharing a meal can help to build rapport and create a sense of community among the clients and the nurse, leading to a more positive learning experience.
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A patient presents with gradual-onset weakness, spasticity, hyperreflexia, and positive Babinski sign. Imaging reveals demyelinating plaques in the white matter of the brain and spinal cord. Which of the following neurological conditions is most likely responsible for these symptoms?
- A. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
- B. Multiple sclerosis (MS)
- C. Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)
- D. Myasthenia gravis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The symptoms described - gradual-onset weakness, spasticity, hyperreflexia, positive Babinski sign, and demyelinating plaques in the white matter of the brain and spinal cord - are indicative of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system attacks the myelin sheath, leading to the formation of plaques in the central nervous system. The characteristic symptoms of MS include weakness, spasticity (stiffness in muscles), hyperreflexia (exaggerated reflex responses), and positive Babinski sign (upward movement of the big toe). While ALS (Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) presents with progressive muscle weakness and atrophy without sensory involvement and demyelinating plaques, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is typically an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy affecting peripheral nerves rather than the central nervous system, and myast
A patient expresses frustration with the lack of information provided by the healthcare team. What is the nurse's best response?
- A. Dismiss the patient's frustration and assure them that the healthcare team is doing their best.
- B. Listen actively to the patient's concerns, acknowledge the lack of information, and offer to address the issue.
- C. Ignore the patient's frustration and proceed with providing care.
- D. Tell the patient that their frustration is unwarranted and unnecessary.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The best response for the nurse in this situation would be to listen actively to the patient's concerns, acknowledge the lack of information, and offer to address the issue. It is important for healthcare providers to validate the patient's feelings and actively work towards resolving any issues that are causing frustration. By being empathetic and willing to address the problem, the nurse can help improve the patient's experience and build trust in the healthcare team. Dismissing or ignoring the patient's frustration can lead to further dissatisfaction and breakdown in communication. It is crucial for healthcare providers to prioritize open communication and address any concerns or lack of information promptly.
It mandates the compulsory Immunization of children below 8 years
- A. PD 996
- B. RA 11223
- C. RA 9173
- D. RA 10912
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Republic Act 9173, also known as the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002, mandates the compulsory immunization of children below 8 years. This law ensures that young children receive necessary vaccines to protect them from preventable diseases and promote public health. RA 9173 is a significant legislation that highlights the importance of immunization in safeguarding the well-being of children in the Philippines.
A patient in the ICU develops acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to sepsis. What intervention should the healthcare team prioritize to manage the patient's respiratory failure?
- A. Initiate lung-protective mechanical ventilation with low tidal volume.
- B. Administer inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) for pulmonary vasodilation.
- C. Perform prone positioning to improve oxygenation.
- D. Recommend high-dose corticosteroid therapy for anti-inflammatory effects.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ** In a patient with ARDS, the priority intervention to manage respiratory failure is to initiate lung-protective mechanical ventilation with low tidal volume. ARDS is characterized by widespread inflammation and injury to the alveoli, leading to impaired gas exchange and severe hypoxemia. Lung-protective ventilation strategies aim to minimize ventilator-induced lung injury by using lower tidal volumes (around 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) to reduce barotrauma and volutrauma.
A patient is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor for the management of hypertension. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor closely in the patient?
- A. Hyperkalemia
- B. Hypoglycemia
- C. Hypercalcemia
- D. Hypotension Theatre Nursing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a patient is prescribed with an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor for managing hypertension, the nurse should monitor closely for signs of hyperkalemia. ACE inhibitors can affect the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, leading to decreased aldosterone secretion and impaired potassium excretion by the kidneys. As a result, potassium levels in the blood may increase, leading to hyperkalemia.