Nokea
The BEST implication of a 6-month-old baby's visuomotor coordination is
- A. voluntary release of objects
- B. comparison ability of small objects
- C. increasing ability to explore objects
- D. autonomy of actions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Voluntary release is a key milestone in visuomotor coordination at this age.
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Which action by the school nurse is important in the prevention of rheumatic fever?
- A. Encourage routine cholesterol screenings.
- B. Conduct routine blood pressure screenings.
- C. Refer children with sore throats for throat cultures.
- D. Recommend salicylates instead of acetaminophen for minor discomforts.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Referring children with sore throats for throat cultures is important in the prevention of rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever is a complication of untreated streptococcal throat infections, specifically caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria. By identifying and treating streptococcal infections promptly with antibiotics, the risk of developing rheumatic fever is significantly reduced. The school nurse plays a crucial role in recognizing the symptoms of strep throat and ensuring that affected children are appropriately referred for testing and treatment. This can help prevent the serious consequences of rheumatic fever, which can affect the heart, joints, skin, and brain if left untreated. Encouraging routine cholesterol screenings (choice A) and blood pressure screenings (choice B) are important for overall health monitoring but are not directly related to the prevention of rheumatic fever. Recommending salicylates over acetaminophen (choice D) is not advisable in children due to the risk of Reye's syndrome
Which is now referred to as the "new morbidity"?
- A. Limitations in the major activities of daily living
- B. Unintentional injuries that cause chronic health problems
- C. Discoveries of new therapies to treat health problems
- D. Behavioral, social, and educational problems that alter health
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The term "new morbidity" is now used to describe the impact of behavioral, social, and educational factors on health outcomes. This concept acknowledges that health is not solely determined by physical health conditions but also by one's behaviors, social circumstances, and education levels. Factors such as smoking, substance abuse, stress, lack of education, poverty, and social inequalities can significantly influence an individual's health. Recognizing and addressing these non-traditional health determinants are crucial in promoting overall health and well-being.
Which type of leukemia has been MOST likely developed in a 2-year-old child with Down syndrome in the neonatal period?
- A. ALL
- B. CML
- C. AML M1
- D. AML M6
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Transient myeloproliferative disorder in neonates with Down syndrome can evolve into AML M6.
While assessing a 2-hour old neonate, the nurse observes the neonate to have acrocyanosis. Which of the following nursing actions should be performed initially?
- A. Activate the code blue or emergency system
- B. Do nothing because acrocyanosis is normal in the neonate
- C. Immediately take the newborn's temperature according to hospital policy
- D. Notify the physician of the need for a cardiac consult
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acrocyanosis is a normal finding in newborns, characterized by bluish discoloration of the hands and feet due to immature circulation. It usually resolves on its own within 24 hours after birth and does not require any intervention. It is essential for the nurse to recognize this normal physiological process to avoid unnecessary interventions. Activating the code blue system, taking the newborn's temperature immediately, or notifying the physician of the need for a cardiac consult is not indicated in this scenario because acrocyanosis is a benign condition in neonates.
In preparing a preschool-aged patient for an injection, the most appropriate nursing intervention is to:
- A. allow the patient to administer an injection to a doll.
- B. arrange for the patient to watch a peer receive an injection.
- C. have the parents explain the process to the patient.
- D. suggest diversionary activities like singing.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Allowing the child to practice on a doll can help reduce anxiety and prepare them for the procedure.